guardian.co.uk

guardian.co.uk is SSL secured

Free website and domain report on guardian.co.uk

Last Updated: 5th June, 2023 Update Now
Overview

Snoop Summary for guardian.co.uk

This is a free and comprehensive report about guardian.co.uk. The domain guardian.co.uk is currently hosted on a server located in United States with the IP address 151.101.1.111, where USD is the local currency and the local language is English. Our records indicate that guardian.co.uk is owned/operated by Fastly, Inc.. Guardian.co.uk is expected to earn an estimated $256 USD per day from advertising revenue. The sale of guardian.co.uk would possibly be worth $186,677 USD. This figure is based on the daily revenue potential of the website over a 24 month period. Guardian.co.uk is wildly popular with an estimated 60,467 daily unique visitors. This report was last updated 5th June, 2023.

About guardian.co.uk

Site Preview: guardian.co.uk guardian.co.uk
Title: The Guardian
Description:
Keywords and Tags: general news, news
Related Terms: blind guardian, charlottetown guardian, cs go guardian twitter, family guardian, grub guardian, guardian guide, the guardian, the guardian pei, trinidad guardian, warrington guardian
Fav Icon:
Age:
Domain Created:
Domain Updated: 31st October, 2019
Domain Expires: 16th June, 2022
Review

Snoop Score

3/5 (Great!)

Valuation

$186,677 USD
Note: All valuation figures are estimates.

Popularity

High
Note: Popularity is estimated.

Rank, Reach and Authority

Alexa Rank: 18,797
Alexa Reach:
SEMrush Rank (US):
SEMrush Authority Score:
Moz Domain Authority: 0
Moz Page Authority: 0

Organic vs Paid (Google Ads)

Traffic

Visitors

Daily Visitors: 60,467
Monthly Visitors: 1,840,425
Yearly Visitors: 22,070,455
Note: All visitors figures are estimates.

Visitors By Country

Revenue

Revenue

Daily Revenue: $256 USD
Monthly Revenue: $7,783 USD
Yearly Revenue: $93,334 USD
Note: All revenue figures are estimates.

Revenue By Country

SEO

Backlinks Analysis (SEMrush)

Top New Follow Links

Top Ranking Keywords (US)

Domain Analysis

Value Length
Domain: guardian.co.uk 14
Domain Name: guardian 8
Extension (TLD): couk 4
Expiry Check:

Page Speed Analysis

Average Load Time: 1.76 seconds
Load Time Comparison: Faster than 48% of sites

PageSpeed Insights

Avg. (All Categories) 70
Performance 73
Accessibility 89
Best Practices 79
SEO 83
Progressive Web App 26
0–49 (Fail) 50–89 (Average) 90–100 (Pass)
URL: https://www.theguardian.com/us
Updated: 17th November, 2020

0.78 seconds
First Contentful Paint (FCP)
83%
14%
3%

0.01 seconds
First Input Delay (FID)
96%
3%
1%

Simulate loading on desktop
73

Performance

Indicates how well the page is performing and highlights opportunities where performance may be improved for guardian.co.uk. This includes details about optimizing page load times which can result in a better user experience.

Metrics

First Contentful Paint — 0.8 s
The time taken for the first image or text on the page to be rendered.
Cumulative Layout Shift — 0.024
Cumulative Layout Shift is the measurement of visible elements collective movement within the viewport.
View Data

Other

Max Potential First Input Delay — 90 ms
Users could experience a delay when interacting with the page.
Estimated Input Latency — 40 ms
The time taken for the page to respond to user input (during the busiest 5 second window of page load). Users are likely to perceive guardian.co.uk as laggy when the latency is higher than 0.05 seconds.
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302
https://pixel.onaudience.com/?partner=109&icm&smartmap=1&redirect=tags.bluekai.com%2Fsite%2F33141%3F%26id%3D%25m
6807.2489999759
6904.6139999991
244
0
302
https://tags.bluekai.com/site/33141?&id=dfd27c39066330f9
6904.8459999904
6979.5799999847
687
0
302
https://ophan.theguardian.com/img/2?viewId=khmaz2rcqmphuts2scqi&register=%5B%7B%22name%22%3A%22most-popular%22%2C%22status%22%3A%22completed%22%2C%22endTime%22%3A%22455ms%22%7D%5D
6972.7849999908
7078.9719999884
336
0
204
Image
https://cm.g.doubleclick.net/pixel?google_nid=bluekai&google_cm&google_sc&google_hm=dUlHbG1pMkg5OTk4Y2ZINA%3D%3D
6979.82399998
6987.169
1117
0
302
text/html
https://tags.bluekai.com/site/2981?id=&google_gid=CAESEDNQkExfADPq7E6mVuSnGzM&google_cver=1
6987.3949999746
7065.3099999763
550
62
200
image/gif
Image
https://simage4.pubmatic.com/AdServer/SPug?partnerID=157206&gdpr=0&gdpr_consent=&us_privacy=1YNN
8396.7799999809
8425.6639999803
587
0
200
text/plain
Script
Network Round Trip Times — 0 ms
High Network RTT (Round Trip Times) can have a large impact on performance. Providing servers geographically closer to the user could improve performance.
Server Backend Latencies — 0 ms
High server latencies indicate the server is overloaded or has a poor backend performance.
Tasks
Below is a list of the top-level main thread tasks that executed during page load.
Start Time (Ms) End Time (Ms)
414.104
10.87
436.125
20.921
459.09
23.801
482.916
21.747
518.402
11.488
534.825
8.45
544.915
44.775
589.781
14.967
604.76
9.132
613.914
5.107
625.312
68.982
698.035
10.976
712.873
7.213
720.841
33.371
754.878
5.478
769.89
115.338
918.308
122.944
1041.333
11.273
1054.668
7.512
1073.578
73.372
1160.925
9.623
1172.789
159.084
1333.528
45.343
1379.469
10.815
1391.25
7.317
1403.108
29.468
1450.206
179.003
1640.016
170.764
1811.984
48.942
1864.057
26.08
1894.307
16.986
1911.332
49.995
1961.424
79.748
2041.412
39.963
2103.654
133.789
2239.095
31.03
2273.613
18.801
2299.767
24.993
2324.812
14.896
2341.61
85.275
2429.177
14.057
2448.788
24.641
2474.389
8.282
2491.654
9.936
2501.607
18.502
2520.145
6.049
2526.59
16.726
2543.363
10.53
2554.076
9.533
2577.538
95.114
2672.677
31.544
2704.241
7.929
2713.887
23.295
2739.996
8.805
2751.657
13.75
2779.078
13.11
2800.213
5.628
2805.885
16.691
2832.666
39.569
2878.99
19.111
2898.147
56.541
2967.212
13.814
2982.488
51.625
3036.167
24.722
3061.691
5.534
3086.142
5.789
3091.95
43.374
3150.295
14.93
3170.682
6.131
3194.251
108.283
3302.619
5.577
3310.062
59.551
3396.645
7.092
3441.381
25.718
3467.251
15.693
3484.627
15.993
3502.321
74.018
3576.365
10.28
3589.304
17.022
3610.757
35.21
3647.574
13.349
3661.99
38.538
3706.159
26.529
3733.954
10.242
3774.112
35.306
3832.345
31.212
3863.644
12.008
3879.843
7.409
3912.815
21.561
3944.672
55.387
4008.967
23.68
4058.867
7.95
4070.858
7.573
4079.928
5.373
4085.436
7.716
4095.103
6.651
4106.206
7.113
4113.336
6.361
4119.733
7.739
4128.157
7.145
4135.377
7.479
4143.362
7.025
4151.107
6.107
4157.228
6.172
4167.519
7.391
4183.06
7.261
4203.415
29.139
4232.585
12.359
4248.053
7.584
4272.101
7.422
4279.644
70.719
4351.517
8.536
4402.931
23.736
4431.477
11.939
4446.022
11.728
4462.464
11.929
4480.236
12.629
4497.024
16.723
4531.959
10.991
4544.235
74.839
4660.873
15.4
4677.443
17.238
4694.713
15.105
4710.844
14.858
4749.357
9.808
4777.442
13.295
4811.404
5.62
4933.092
15.472
5004.907
8.577
5013.519
27.652
5041.551
25.159
5071.779
5.115
5095.42
5.267
5494.151
5.317
5510.859
5.076
5544.226
5.419
5578.12
5.003
5627.458
5.304
5660.775
5.075
5677.996
5.427
5728.083
5.907
5745.695
5.603
5764.196
5.457
5781.878
5.536
5798.474
6.103
5816.049
5.028
5847.845
5.501
5930.328
5.03
5946.412
5.374
5978.223
5.585
5995.587
5.236
6011.898
5.88
6029.504
5.219
6045.776
5.05
6053.703
12.26
6066
5.056
6098.479
5.362
Diagnostics
Below is a collection of useful page vitals.
View Data
Metrics
Below is a collection of metrics.
View Data

Opportunities

Eliminate render-blocking resources
Resources, such as JavaScript and style sheets, can block the first paint of the page. Guardian.co.uk should consider delivering critical JavaScript/style sheets (JS/CSS) inline and deferring all non-critical JS/CSS.
Properly size images — Potential savings of 21 KiB
Images can slow down the page's load time. Guardian.co.uk should consider serving more appropriate-sized images.
URL Resource Size (Bytes) Potential Savings (Bytes)
https://uploads.guim.co.uk/2020/10/22/newsletter-treat-img.png
19709
11382
https://static.theguardian.com/commercial/sponsor/02/Nov/2020/98d92863-7180-424c-83d7-0f5df2ce8001-Hulu-AR-logo.jpg
7756
5842
https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/0bbddec36ee3fdea0968b37fd7f30091a1041048/182_553_2093_1255/master/2093.jpg?width=368&quality=85&auto=format&fit=max&s=206de76b617f6ca64530b01dc9b59080
10996
4452
Minify CSS
Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) files can contribute to network payload sizes. Guardian.co.uk should consider minifying CSS files.
Minify JavaScript — Potential savings of 3 KiB
JavaScript (JS) files can contribute to network payload sizes and increase script parse times. Guardian.co.uk should consider minifying JS files.
URL Transfer Size (Bytes) Potential Savings (Bytes)
https://interactive.guim.co.uk/libs/iframe-messenger/iframeMessenger.js
4579
2740
Remove unused CSS — Potential savings of 130 KiB
Dead and/or unused rules in Style Sheets (CSS) can contribute to network payload sizes. Guardian.co.uk should consider removing dead rules from style sheets and deferring the loading of CSS not used for above-the-fold content.
URL Transfer Size (Bytes) Potential Savings (Bytes)
https://assets.guim.co.uk/stylesheets/262e47fe5548771c4490ba144a1a8778/facia.garnett.css
42060
39299
html{-ms-text-size-adjust:100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%} ...
48203
39271
https://www.theguardian.com/email/form/footer/today-us
22637
22637
https://www.theguardian.com/email/form/footer/today-us
18836
18836
https://www.theguardian.com/email/form/footer/today-us
13122
13122
Efficiently encode images
Unoptimized images can consume more cellular data than what is necessary.
Serve images in next-gen formats — Potential savings of 11 KiB
Image formats like PNG and JPEG have poor compression when compared to other next-gen formats, such as JPEG 200, JPEG XR and WebP.
URL Resource Size (Bytes) Potential Savings (Bytes)
https://uploads.guim.co.uk/2020/10/22/newsletter-treat-img.png
19709
11747
Enable text compression — Potential savings of 127 KiB
Text-based resources should be served with compression, such as gzip, deflate or brotli.
URL Transfer Size (Bytes) Potential Savings (Bytes)
https://ccpa-notice.sp-prod.net/Notice.c21eb.js
146045
113170
https://cdn.privacy-mgmt.com/mms/v2/message?message_id=383916
19155
12907
https://image6.pubmatic.com/AdServer/PugMaster?kdntuid=1&rnd=57897064&p=157206&s=0&a=0&ptask=ALL&np=0&fp=0&mpc=0&spug=1&coppa=0&gdpr=0&gdpr_consent=&us_privacy=1YNN&sec=1
3541
2317
https://sourcepoint.theguardian.com/mms/v2/message_url?requestUUID=c08c9f2a-50d2-4c93-9094-06b1f445e6d8&account_id=1257&abp=false&href=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fus&consentUUID=undefined&loadedData=%5B%7B%22id%22%3A%22CONSENT%3Aendpoint%3Ahttps%3A%2F%2Fsourcepoint.theguardian.com%3A7417%22%2C%22result%22%3A%22%7B%5C%22hasConsentData%5C%22%3Afalse%2C%5C%22consentedToAny%5C%22%3Afalse%2C%5C%22consentedToAll%5C%22%3Afalse%2C%5C%22rejectedAny%5C%22%3Afalse%7D%22%7D%5D&stage_campaign=false&cookie=%5B%5D&t[framework]=ccpa
2745
1846
Preconnect to required origins
Resource hints, such as 'preconnect' or 'dns-prefetch', may assist in establishing early connections to important third-party origins.
Initial server response time was short — Root document took 120 ms
It is advised to keep the server response time short for the main document, because all other requests depend on it.
URL Time Spent (Ms)
https://www.theguardian.com/us
120.012
Preload key requests
Key requests can be preloaded by using '<link rel=preload>'. Guardian.co.uk should consider using '<link rel=preload>' to prioritize fetching resources that are currently requested later in page load.
Use video formats for animated content
Large GIFs are inefficient for delivering animated content. It is recommended to use MPEG4/WebM videos for animations and PNG/WebP for static images instead of GIF.
Remove duplicate modules in JavaScript bundles — Potential savings of 3 KiB
Ensure that no duplicate JavaScript modules from bundles exist to reduce bytes consumed by network activity.
Source Transfer Size (Bytes) Potential Savings (Bytes)
webpack:///./static/src/javascripts/projects/common/modules/commercial/build-page-targeting.js
1254
webpack:///./static/src/javascripts/projects/commercial/modules/header-bidding/utils.js
1128
webpack:///./static/src/javascripts/projects/common/modules/commercial/commercial-features.js
1066
Avoid serving legacy JavaScript to modern browsers — Potential savings of 32 KiB
Polyfills and transforms enable legacy browsers to use new JavaScript features. For bundled JavaScript it is recommended to adopt a modern script deployment strategy using module/nomodule feature detection. This will reduce the amount of code shipped to modern browsers.
URL Potential Savings (Bytes)
https://assets.guim.co.uk/javascripts/8a6c81e93d961f78cf88/graun.vendors~Prebid.js.js
11531
https://confiant-integrations.global.ssl.fastly.net/gpt/202011151531/wrap.js
8850
https://assets.guim.co.uk/javascripts/a94bd1c6d83a61919d46/graun.standard.js
6910
https://c.amazon-adsystem.com/aax2/apstag.js
5229
https://cdn.adsafeprotected.com/iasPET.1.js
92

Diagnostics

Avoids enormous network payloads — Total size was 2,383 KiB
Large network payloads can cost users money and are linked to long load times.
URL Transfer Size (Bytes)
https://ccpa-notice.sp-prod.net/Notice.c21eb.js
146522
https://www.theguardian.com/us
128203
https://cdn.permutive.com/d6691a17-6fdb-4d26-85d6-b3dd27f55f08-web.js
112529
https://securepubads.g.doubleclick.net/gpt/pubads_impl_2020111201.js
101413
https://assets.guim.co.uk/javascripts/8a6c81e93d961f78cf88/graun.vendors~Prebid.js.js
89572
https://assets.guim.co.uk/fonts/801cb6775a39b51a0d7a7570b5b4023e/GuardianHeadline.woff2.json
87331
https://assets.guim.co.uk/fonts/3b4fd8ee18b03d340900bf4a80fd6184/GuardianTextEgyptianWeb.woff2.json
72943
https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/c30d8461248e62865cd0305edb982253fd3c1400/0_160_3500_1970/3500.jpg?width=700&quality=85&auto=format&fit=max&s=94f98e05e9361cecec347213bf45fbe0
71304
https://assets.guim.co.uk/javascripts/a94bd1c6d83a61919d46/graun.standard.js
56460
https://confiant-integrations.global.ssl.fastly.net/gpt/202011151531/wrap.js
54709
Avoid chaining critical requests — 24 chains found
Below is a list of Critical Request Chains, which shows which resources are loaded with a high priority. Guardian.co.uk should consider reducing the length of chains, reducing the download size of resources, or deferring the download of unnecessary resources to improve page load.
User Timing marks and measures — 25 user timings
Make use of the User Timing API to measure an app's real-world performance during key user experiences.
Name Type Start Time (Ms) Duration (Ms)
lteu
Measure
2935
0.15
ltpq
Measure
2935.36
0.065
standard boot
Mark
1311.511
standard start
Mark
1312.034
standard end
Mark
1321.907
cmp-ccpa-init
Mark
1325.526
commercial request
Mark
1342.446
enhanced request
Mark
1346.577
commercial boot
Mark
1914.699
commercial start
Mark
1914.891
enhanced boot
Mark
1941.676
App Begin
Mark
1942.213
braze-banner-start
Mark
2001.286
App End
Mark
2008.257
commercial end
Mark
2307.508
loadStarteventUtils
Mark
2935.012
loadEndeventUtils
Mark
2935.155
loadStartpixelQueue
Mark
2935.366
loadEndpixelQueue
Mark
2935.427
gpt-tag-load
Mark
2970.723
Commercial: Slot Ready: dfp-ad--top-above-nav
Mark
3063.836
cmp-ccpa-ui-displayed
Mark
3151.963
gpt-first-ad-request
Mark
3339.514
gpt-first-ad-render
Mark
3533.023
Commercial: First Ad Rendered
Mark
3533.932
Keep request counts low and transfer sizes small — 328 requests • 2,383 KiB
It is advised to add a budgets.json file in order to set budgets for the quantity and size of page resources.
Resource Type Requests Transfer Size (Bytes)
Total
328
2439775
Script
54
1124631
Image
128
602536
Other
112
348694
Document
26
209297
Font
4
101825
Stylesheet
4
52792
Media
0
0
Third-party
308
2260393
Minimize third-party usage — Third-party code blocked the main thread for 0 ms
It is advised to either limit, remove or delay the loading of redundant third-party code which may be significantly impacting load performance.
Third-Party Transfer Size (Bytes) Main-Thread Blocking Time (Ms)
428542
0
116890
0
100415
0
36464
0
33847
0
32908
0
24331
0
16019
0
11914
0
11049
0
5900
0
5118
0
4845
0
4437
0
4202
0
3110
0
2807
0
2777
0
2365
0
2292
0
2256
0
1676
0
1429
0
1367
0
1310
0
1299
0
1256
0
1161
0
926
0
898
0
788
0
746
0
672
0
642
0
622
0
549
0
352
0
Largest Contentful Paint element — 1 element found
The element which was identified as the Largest Contentful Paint.
Element
img
Avoid large layout shifts — 5 elements found
Below is a list of all DOM elements that contribute to the CLS of the page.
Element CLS Contribution
0.20222222222222
0.019436280535855
0.0028079409157568
0.0010377172949536
0.00024308358072639
Uses passive listeners to improve scrolling performance
Improve the page's scroll performance by marking touch and wheel event listeners as 'passive'.
Avoid long main-thread tasks — 12 long tasks found
Below is a list of the longest tasks on the main thread, which is useful when identifying the worst input delay contributors.
URL Start Time (Ms) Duration (Ms)
https://assets.guim.co.uk/javascripts/a94bd1c6d83a61919d46/graun.standard.js
2251
90
https://www.theguardian.com/us
2341
85
https://www.theguardian.com/us
2111
80
https://assets.guim.co.uk/javascripts/893d9526fe0a6daf6b16/graun.enhanced.js
2519
80
https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/gsap/1.19.1/TweenMax.min.js
5332
71
https://interactive.guim.co.uk/libs/iframe-messenger/iframeMessenger.js
3293
67
https://www.theguardian.com/us
2002
61
https://www.theguardian.com/us
1942
58
https://cdn.permutive.com/d6691a17-6fdb-4d26-85d6-b3dd27f55f08-web.js
2936
57
https://www.theguardian.com/us
3190
54
https://securepubads.g.doubleclick.net/gpt/pubads_impl_2020111201.js
3019
52
https://assets.guim.co.uk/javascripts/6ce9271c64710b1edb49/graun.commercial~enhanced.js
2469
50
Avoid non-composited animations
It is recommended to avoid non-composited animations which are often janky and increase CLS.
Avoids large JavaScript libraries with smaller alternatives — 0 large libraries found
It is recommended to work with smaller JavaScript libraries to reduce your bundle size and avoid poor performance.

Budgets

Performance budget
It is advised to keep the quantity and size of all network requests under the targets set by the provided performance budget.
Timing budget
It is advised to set a timing budget to monitor the performance of your site.

Metrics

Largest Contentful Paint — 1.4 s
The timing of the largest text or image that is painted.
Total Blocking Time — 190 ms
The total blocking time is the sum of all time periods between First Contentful Paint and Time to Interactive (when task length exceeded 50ms).

Other

First CPU Idle — 4.1 s
The time taken for the page's main thread to be quiet enough to handle input.
First Meaningful Paint — 1.3 s
The time taken for the primary content of the page to be rendered.

Opportunities

Defer offscreen images — Potential savings of 276 KiB
Time to Interactive can be slowed down by resources on the page. Guardian.co.uk should consider lazy-loading offscreen and hidden images.
URL Resource Size (Bytes) Potential Savings (Bytes)
https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/c30d8461248e62865cd0305edb982253fd3c1400/0_160_3500_1970/3500.jpg?width=700&quality=85&auto=format&fit=max&s=94f98e05e9361cecec347213bf45fbe0
70592
70592
https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/34a89b10fb382984d6f7e3ae398d60b30e6bf32e/0_317_6000_3375/6000.jpg?width=700&quality=85&auto=format&fit=max&s=2d72e62a36db54ff1689c3167c5b29d5
43560
43560
https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/fbfe569140ffbd5b19e630815a603c0c655111c7/0_254_4928_2772/4928.jpg?width=700&quality=85&auto=format&fit=max&s=9d66970541152922e951f8a5adcc86c8
43494
43494
https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/e44aa45a112fe820c28926bce59ba2dd45fc129b/84_0_1770_996/1770.jpg?width=700&quality=85&auto=format&fit=max&s=fbb7cc060121051d83f90c61d02fc930
34092
34092
https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/aac728f2c24bcfb2281eb38417b795bd2585676e/328_0_667_375/667.jpg?width=700&quality=85&auto=format&fit=max&s=3fbd35b4c4353e09f890434d81b5885f
30758
30758
https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/d38b0240564408534efcdb7ae9636db31ac3ea13/0_83_2245_1263/2245.jpg?width=700&quality=85&auto=format&fit=max&s=e2c7a7fa796e4e7c7b82e59fd8d4102c
19228
19228
https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/2e1ef126b90bec368b6473f457efbfbb346b0944/0_0_1920_1080/1920.jpg?width=700&quality=85&auto=format&fit=max&s=b46bfd5495603aab3462fb77f3d5cdd4
17718
17718
https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/b2cd922025031b8aa5667e7d76fbb81b64fea934/20_0_1879_1057/1879.jpg?width=700&quality=85&auto=format&fit=max&s=1729d09eb8705b520a5706d28a64a63c
10034
10034
https://static.theguardian.com/commercial/sponsor/02/Nov/2020/98d92863-7180-424c-83d7-0f5df2ce8001-Hulu-AR-logo.jpg
7756
7756
https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/20c479b0d1bb947f90b16d13e95ba57ee1c26e59/0_211_3500_1969/3500.jpg?width=700&quality=85&auto=format&fit=max&s=7f5c49efadd2233a8069384b4e9169c0
5060
5060
Remove unused JavaScript — Potential savings of 397 KiB
It is advised to remove unused JavaScript in order to reduce bytes consumed by network activity.
URL Transfer Size (Bytes) Potential Savings (Bytes)
https://ccpa-notice.sp-prod.net/Notice.c21eb.js
146522
102873
https://cdn.permutive.com/d6691a17-6fdb-4d26-85d6-b3dd27f55f08-web.js
112529
79097
https://assets.guim.co.uk/javascripts/8a6c81e93d961f78cf88/graun.vendors~Prebid.js.js
89572
50610
https://securepubads.g.doubleclick.net/gpt/pubads_impl_2020111201.js
101413
40234
https://confiant-integrations.global.ssl.fastly.net/gpt/202011151531/wrap.js
54709
34249
https://s0.2mdn.net/ads/studio/Enabler.js
44690
26744
https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/gsap/1.19.1/TweenMax.min.js
33847
26004
https://assets.guim.co.uk/javascripts/a94bd1c6d83a61919d46/graun.standard.js
56460
24031
https://confiant-integrations.global.ssl.fastly.net/prebid/202011151531/wrap.js
23920
22334
Avoid multiple page redirects — Potential savings of 570 ms
Redirects can cause additional delays before the page can begin loading. Guardian.co.uk should avoid multiple or unnecessary page redirects.
URL Time Spent (Ms)
http://guardian.co.uk/
190
https://guardian.co.uk/
150
https://www.theguardian.com/
230
https://www.theguardian.com/us
0

Diagnostics

Reduce JavaScript execution time — 1.4 s
JavaScript (JS) execution time can be lowered by reducing the time required for parsing, compiling and executing JS. Delivering smaller JS payloads may help with this.
URL Total CPU Time (Ms) Script Evaluation (Ms) Script Parse (Ms)
https://www.theguardian.com/us
1609.122
60.677
9.76
https://assets.guim.co.uk/javascripts/a94bd1c6d83a61919d46/graun.standard.js
586.794
296.704
4.15
https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/gsap/1.19.1/TweenMax.min.js
449.006
132.85
17.213
Unattributable
411.44099999999
6.847
0.176
https://tpc.googlesyndication.com/sodar/sodar2/219/runner.html
189.636
176.671
2.439
https://cdn.permutive.com/d6691a17-6fdb-4d26-85d6-b3dd27f55f08-web.js
149.104
127.481
9.216
https://www.theguardian.com/email/form/footer/today-us
104.871
17.148
2.264
https://www.googletagservices.com/activeview/js/current/osd.js?cb=%2Fr20100101
85.774
76.884
3.077
https://assets.guim.co.uk/javascripts/893d9526fe0a6daf6b16/graun.enhanced.js
83.053
78.145
2.047
https://eef0184f4f71b684853ae8f5bad51ef7.safeframe.googlesyndication.com/safeframe/1-0-37/html/container.html
65.707
26.701
10.4
https://sourcepoint.theguardian.com/ccpa.js
64.172
59.639
1.284
https://interactive.guim.co.uk/libs/iframe-messenger/iframeMessenger.js
63.379
2.533
0.855
https://securepubads.g.doubleclick.net/gpt/pubads_impl_2020111201.js
62.893
48.486
6.002
https://www.googletagservices.com/activeview/js/current/osd_listener.js?cache=r20110914
62.203
58.387
2.152
https://s0.2mdn.net/dfp/276087/39187647/1585841592778/index.html
58.428
26.595
2.056
https://assets.guim.co.uk/javascripts/051723cd490480b13859/graun.commercial.js
57.749
53.731
2.478
https://www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js
52.743
48.806
1.722

Metrics

Speed Index — 2.6 s
The time taken for the page contents to be visibly populated.
Time to Interactive — 4.7 s
The time taken for the page to become fully interactive.

Diagnostics

Serve static assets with an efficient cache policy — 45 resources found
Guardian.co.uk can speed up repeat visits by increasing the cache lifetime, which is essentially how long before a cached copy expires.
URL Cache TTL (Ms) Transfer Size (Bytes)
https://ccpa-notice.sp-prod.net/Notice.c21eb.js
0
146522
https://uploads.guim.co.uk/2020/10/22/newsletter-treat-img.png
0
20262
https://static.theguardian.com/commercial/sponsor/02/Nov/2020/98d92863-7180-424c-83d7-0f5df2ce8001-Hulu-AR-logo.jpg
0
8267
https://ccpa-notice.sp-prod.net/Notice.7f9f7.css
0
5346
https://image6.pubmatic.com/AdServer/PugMaster?kdntuid=1&rnd=57897064&p=157206&s=0&a=0&ptask=ALL&np=0&fp=0&mpc=0&spug=1&coppa=0&gdpr=0&gdpr_consent=&us_privacy=1YNN&sec=1
0
4329
https://ccpa-notice.sp-prod.net/polyfills.ede70.js
0
2530
https://id5-sync.com/c/434/434/9/1.gif?puid=c09b31d8-1293-4c7e-b9af-e4781449f0c3&gdpr=0&gdpr_consent=
0
1147
https://collector.brandmetrics.com/c.js?siteid=e96d04c8-3208-4488-a841-a06b49b8fb2d&toploc=www.theguardian.com&rnd=698454
0
188
https://aud.pubmatic.com/AdServer/Artemis?dpid=388&segid=23527
0
147
https://interactive.guim.co.uk/libs/iframe-messenger/iframeMessenger.js
120000
4579
https://cdn.permutive.com/d6691a17-6fdb-4d26-85d6-b3dd27f55f08-web.js
300000
112529
https://interactive.guim.co.uk/fonts/garnett/GHGuardianHeadline-Medium.woff2
360000
25934
https://interactive.guim.co.uk/fonts/garnett/GHGuardianHeadline-Regular.woff2
360000
25794
https://interactive.guim.co.uk/fonts/garnett/GHGuardianHeadline-Bold.woff2
360000
25667
https://interactive.guim.co.uk/fonts/garnett/GHGuardianHeadline-Light.woff2
360000
24430
https://s0.2mdn.net/ads/studio/Enabler.js
900000
44690
https://c.amazon-adsystem.com/aax2/apstag.js
900000
30364
https://confiant-integrations.global.ssl.fastly.net/7oDgiTsq88US4rrBG0_Nxpafkrg/gpt_and_prebid/config.js
900000
21786
https://js-sec.indexww.com/ht/htw-pixel.gif?X7QUmD3RUmhnNfzequueXQAA%26402
1443000
425
https://sourcepoint.theguardian.com/ccpa.js
3600000
19075
https://cdn.brandmetrics.com/scripts/bundle/680511.js
3600000
11692
https://cdn.brandmetrics.com/survey/script/e96d04c832084488a841a06b49b8fb2d.js
3600000
4139
https://www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js
7200000
19452
https://s0.2mdn.net/879366/dfa7banner_html_inpage_rendering_lib_200_268.js
86400000
39229
https://s0.2mdn.net/dfp/276087/39187647/1585841592778/images/logos-01.svg
86400000
4941
https://s0.2mdn.net/dfp/276087/39187647/1585841592778/images/f5_t1-01.svg
86400000
4480
https://s0.2mdn.net/dfp/276087/39187647/1585841592778/images/forinfo-01.svg
86400000
3144
https://s0.2mdn.net/dfp/276087/39187647/1585841592778/images/f1_t1-01.svg
86400000
2829
https://s0.2mdn.net/dfp/276087/39187647/1585841592778/images/f3_t1-01.svg
86400000
2761
https://s0.2mdn.net/dfp/276087/39187647/1585841592778/images/f2_t2-01.svg
86400000
2671
https://s0.2mdn.net/dfp/276087/39187647/1585841592778/images/f2_t1-01.svg
86400000
2415
https://s0.2mdn.net/dfp/276087/39187647/1585841592778/images/f3_t2-01.svg
86400000
2294
https://s0.2mdn.net/dfp/276087/39187647/1585841592778/images/f4_t1-01.svg
86400000
2135
https://s0.2mdn.net/dfp/276087/39187647/1585841592778/images/f3_t2b-01.svg
86400000
1975
https://s0.2mdn.net/dfp/276087/39187647/1585841592778/images/f1_t2-01.svg
86400000
1837
https://s0.2mdn.net/dfp/276087/39187647/1585841592778/css/style.css
86400000
1462
https://s0.2mdn.net/dfp/276087/39187647/1585841592778/js/script.js
86400000
1331
https://s0.2mdn.net/dfp/276087/39187647/1585841592778/images/f2_whiteline-01.svg
86400000
995
https://s0.2mdn.net/dfp/276087/39187647/1585841592778/images/f3_whiteline-01.svg
86400000
994
https://ads.pubmatic.com/AdServer/js/user_sync.html?p=156578&predirect=
122776000
3295
https://cdn.adsafeprotected.com/iasPET.1.js
604800000
6885
https://assets.guim.co.uk/polyfill.io/v3/polyfill.min.js?rum=0&features=es6,es7,es2017,default-3.6,HTMLPictureElement,IntersectionObserver,IntersectionObserverEntry,fetch&flags=gated&callback=guardianPolyfilled&unknown=polyfill&clearCache=5
604800000
1363
https://tpc.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/r20201112/r20110914/abg_lite_fy2019.js
1209600000
8112
https://interactive.guim.co.uk/thrashers/newsletters-2020-election-nugget/hashed/empty.5ef2ef64.gif
2678400000
1987
https://interactive.guim.co.uk/thrashers/newsletters-2020-election-nugget/hashed/main.f09d7df5.js
2678400000
1908
Avoid an excessive DOM size — 2,922 elements
A large DOM (Document Object Model) will increase memory usage, cause longer system calculations as well as costly layout reflows.
Statistic Element Value
Total DOM Elements
2,922
Maximum DOM Depth
21
Maximum Child Elements
29
Minimize main-thread work — 4.8 s
Main-thread work timing can be lowered by reducing the time required for parsing, compiling and executing JS. Delivering smaller JS payloads may help with this.
Category Time Spent (Ms)
Script Evaluation
1685.771
Style & Layout
1387.266
Other
813.24499999999
Rendering
537.39599999996
Script Parsing & Compilation
147.873
Parse HTML & CSS
126.148
Garbage Collection
53.679
Ensure text remains visible during webfont load
Make use of the font-display CSS feature, which will ensure text is user-visible while webfonts are loading.
URL Potential Savings (Ms)
https://interactive.guim.co.uk/fonts/garnett/GHGuardianHeadline-Bold.woff2
28.36299999035
https://interactive.guim.co.uk/fonts/garnett/GHGuardianHeadline-Medium.woff2
66.808000003221
https://interactive.guim.co.uk/fonts/garnett/GHGuardianHeadline-Regular.woff2
25.548000005074
https://interactive.guim.co.uk/fonts/garnett/GHGuardianHeadline-Light.woff2
29.567000019597
Avoid `document.write()`
Avoid or limit the use of external scripts that are dynamically injected via 'document.write()' as users on slow connections will be delayed by tens of seconds.
URL Location
https://eef0184f4f71b684853ae8f5bad51ef7.safeframe.googlesyndication.com/safeframe/1-0-37/html/container.html
line: 6
https://eef0184f4f71b684853ae8f5bad51ef7.safeframe.googlesyndication.com/safeframe/1-0-37/html/container.html
line: 7
https://ads.pubmatic.com/AdServer/js/showad.js
line: 1
https://image6.pubmatic.com/AdServer/PugMaster?kdntuid=1&rnd=57897064&p=157206&s=0&a=0&ptask=ALL&np=0&fp=0&mpc=0&spug=1&coppa=0&gdpr=0&gdpr_consent=&us_privacy=1YNN&sec=1
line: 0
89

Accessibility

Indicates how accessible the page is and highlights opportunities where the page can be made more accessible to users of guardian.co.uk. This includes details about various page attributes that can be optimized.

Navigation

`[accesskey]` values are unique
Access keys assist users with focusing on different parts of the page. Each access key should be unique for proper navigation.
The page contains a heading, skip link, or landmark region
It is advised to provide ways to bypass repetitive content, allowing users to navigate the page efficiently.
`[id]` attributes on active, focusable elements are unique
Ensure all focusable elements have a unique id value to allow them to be visible to users of assistive technologies, like a screen reader.
Heading elements appear in a sequentially-descending order
Properly order all headers and do not skip heading levels to better the navigation and readability for users of assistive technologies, like a screen reader.
No element has a `[tabindex]` value greater than 0
Although technically valid, a tabindex value greater than 0 often creates frustrating experiences for users who rely on assistive technologies.

ARIA

`[aria-*]` attributes match their roles
Avoid mismatching 'aria-*' attributes and their 'role' value, as it invalidates the attribute.
`[aria-hidden="true"]` is not present on the document `<body>`
If aria-hidden=true is set on the document body, assistive technologies, like a screen reader will work inconsistently.
ARIA input fields have accessible names
Generic names are announced to users of assistive technologies, like a screen reader, when an input field does not have an accessible name specified.
`[role]`s have all required `[aria-*]` attributes
Some ARIA roles have required 'aria-*' attributes, which provide essential information about state and functionality.
Elements with an ARIA `[role]` that require children to contain a specific `[role]` have all required children.
Some ARIA parent roles cannot perform their intended functions if specific child roles are not used.
`[role]`s are contained by their required parent element
Some ARIA child roles cannot perform their intended functions if specific parent roles are not used.
`[role]` values are valid
All ARIA roles require valid values to perform their intended functions.
ARIA toggle fields have accessible names
Generic names are announced to users of assistive technologies, like a screen reader, when a toggle field does not have an accessible name specified.
`[aria-*]` attributes have valid values
ARIA attributes cannot be interpreted with invalid values when used by screen readers and other assistive technologies.
`[aria-*]` attributes are valid and not misspelled
ARIA attributes cannot be interpreted with invalid names when used by screen readers and other assistive technologies.
ARIA IDs are unique
Ensure all ARIA ID values are unique to prevent elements from being overlooked by assistive technologies, like a screen reader.

Names and labels

Buttons have an accessible name
Buttons become unusable as they are announced simply as "button" when the button does not have an accessible name, when used by screen readers and other assistive technologies.
Document has a `<title>` element
Search engines, screen reader users and other assistive technology users rely on the title to provide an overview of the page and to help determine if the page is relevant to their search.
No form fields have multiple labels
Having multiple labels for form fields can be confusing to assistive technologies, like a screen reader.
`<input type="image">` elements have `[alt]` text
Input buttons with alternative text assist screen readers and other assistive technology users to understand its purpose.
Form elements have associated labels
Screen readers and other assistive technologies rely on labels to properly announce form controls.
Links have a discernible name
In order to improve the navigation for screen reader and other assistive technology users, use link text that is unique, focusable and discernible.
`<object>` elements have `[alt]` text
It is advised that alt text is used on '<object>' elements in order to provide meaning to screen reader and other assistive technology users, as these technologies are unable to translate non-text content.

Tables and lists

`<dl>`'s contain only properly-ordered `<dt>` and `<dd>` groups, `<script>`, `<template>` or `<div>` elements.
Screen readers and other assistive technologies may produce poor and inaccurate output when definition lists are not properly marked up.
Definition list items are wrapped in `<dl>` elements
In order for screen readers and other assistive technologies to properly announce definition list items ('<dt>' and '<dd>'), they must be wrapped in parent a '<dl>' element.
Presentational `<table>` elements avoid using `<th>`, `<caption>` or the `[summary]` attribute.
It is advised to not include data elements in tables which are used for layout purposes, as it may create confusion for screen reader and other assistive technology users.
Lists contain only `<li>` elements and script supporting elements (`<script>` and `<template>`).
Use proper list structure to aid screen readers and other assistive technologies.
List items (`<li>`) are contained within `<ul>` or `<ol>` parent elements
In order for screen readers to announce list items, ensure that list items ('<li>') are contained within parent '<ul>' or '<ol>' tags.
Cells in a `<table>` element that use the `[headers]` attribute refer to table cells within the same table.
Screen readers and other assistive technologies have features to make navigating tables easier. Ensure that '<td>' cells using the headers attribute only refer to other cells in the same table, to improve screen reader user experience.
`<th>` elements and elements with `[role="columnheader"/"rowheader"]` have data cells they describe.
Screen readers and other assistive technologies have features to make navigating tables easier. Ensure that table headers refer to some set of cells, to improve screen reader user experience.

Internationalization and localization

`<html>` element has a `[lang]` attribute
It is advised to provide a lang attribute so that screen readers and other assistive technologies are guaranteed to announce the page's text correctly. When not provided, the user's default language setting will be used which may cause inaccuracies.
`<html>` element has a valid value for its `[lang]` attribute
Specify a valid BCP 47 language in order to help screen readers and other assistive technologies announce text properly.
`[lang]` attributes have a valid value
Specify a valid BCP 47 language on elements in order to help screen readers and other assistive technologies announce text properly.

Best practices

The document does not use `<meta http-equiv="refresh">`
Pages that refresh automatically cause a poor user experience as focus is directed back to the top of the page unexpectedly.
`[user-scalable="no"]` is not used in the `<meta name="viewport">` element and the `[maximum-scale]` attribute is not less than 5.
For users with low vision who rely on screen magnification, ensure that zooming is not disabled.

Audio and video

`<video>` elements contain a `<track>` element with `[kind="captions"]`
Guardian.co.uk may provide assistance to deaf or hearing-impaired users with captions on videos.
`<video>` elements contain a `<track>` element with `[kind="description"]`
Guardian.co.uk may provide relevant information that dialogue cannot, by using audio descriptions.

ARIA

`[aria-hidden="true"]` elements contain focusable descendents
Interactive elements within an aria-hidden=true element are unavailable to users of assistive technologies, like a screen reader.
Failing Elements

Contrast

Names and labels

`<frame>` or `<iframe>` elements do not have a title
Screen reader users and other assistive technology users rely on frame titles to describe the contents of frames.
Failing Elements
Image elements do not have `[alt]` attributes
Provide short and descriptive alternative text where possible on informative elements.
Failing Elements
img
img
img

Manual Checks

The page has a logical tab order
The visual layout should be logical in its tab order and users cannot focus elements that are offscreen.
Interactive controls are keyboard focusable
Ensure that custom interactive controls are keyboard focusable and that a focus indicator is displayed.
Interactive elements indicate their purpose and state
Ensure that interactive elements (such as links and buttons) are distinguishable from non-interactive elements and that they indicate their state.
The user's focus is directed to new content added to the page
When new content (such as a dialogue) is added to the page, the user's focus should be directed to it.
User focus is not accidentally trapped in a region
Avoid focus being accidentally trapped when a user tabs in and out of controls or regions on page.
Custom controls have associated labels
Ensure that custom interactive controls have associated labels, which are provided by aria-label and aria-labelledby attributes.
Custom controls have ARIA roles
Ensure that all custom interactive controls have appropriate ARIA roles.
Visual order on the page follows DOM order
Ensure that the DOM order matches with the page's visual order, in order to improve navigation for screen readers and other assistive technologies.
Offscreen content is hidden from assistive technology
Ensure that offscreen content is hidden through the use of "display:none" styling or the aria-hidden attribute.
HTML5 landmark elements are used to improve navigation
Elements such as <main> and <nav> are recommended as they are used by screen readers and other assistive technologies to improve keyboard navigation.
79

Best Practices

Indicates the recommended, best practices currently in place on the page and highlights the best practices that guardian.co.uk should incorporate. This includes practices such as protecting pages with HTTPS.

Audits

Links to cross-origin destinations are safe
Improve performance and prevent security vulnerabilities by adding rel="noopener" and rel="noreferrer" to external links.
Avoids requesting the geolocation permission on page load
When requesting a user's location, provide context or consider tying the request to a user action to avoid confusion and mistrust from users.
Avoids requesting the notification permission on page load
When requesting permission to send notifications, provide context or consider tying the request to a user action to avoid confusion and mistrust from users.
Avoids front-end JavaScript libraries with known security vulnerabilities
Ensure that the use of third-party scripts is minimal and that only trusted third-party scripts are used as some may contain known security vulnerabilities which may be exploited by attackers.

Audits

Allows users to paste into password fields
Ensure that password inputs may be pasted into to aid in the user's ability to use password managers and improve security.
Displays images with correct aspect ratio
Ensure that image display dimensions match their natural aspect ratio.
Serves images with appropriate resolution
For maximum image clarity, ensure images have natural dimensions and are proportional to the display size and pixel ratio.
Fonts with `font-display: optional` are preloaded
It is recommended that optional fonts are preloaded.

Audits

Page has the HTML doctype
Ensure a doctype is specified to prevent the browser from switching to quirks-mode.
Properly defines charset
It is advised to declare a character encoding, optionally via a <meta> tag in the first 1024 bytes of the HTML or in the Content-Type HTTP response header.

Audits

Avoids Application Cache
Application cache is deprecated and is no longer recommended.
Detected JavaScript libraries
Below is a list of all front-end JavaScript libraries that were detected on the page.
Name Version
core-js
3.5.0: global, 3.5.0: global, 3.5.0: global, 2.6.10: global, 3.6.5: global, 3.6.4: pure
Avoids deprecated APIs
Avoid deprecated APIs which will eventually be removed the browser.
Page has valid source maps
Consider deploying source maps for added benefits such as the ability to debug while in production.
URL Map URL
https://ccpa-notice.sp-prod.net/polyfills.ede70.js
https://ccpa-notice.sp-prod.net/polyfills.ede70.js.map
https://c.amazon-adsystem.com/aax2/apstag.js
https://c.amazon-adsystem.com/aax2/apstag.js.map
https://ccpa-notice.sp-prod.net/Notice.c21eb.js
https://ccpa-notice.sp-prod.net/Notice.c21eb.js.map
https://assets.guim.co.uk/javascripts/ed8206d37cdb85dda484/graun.vendors~commercial~enhanced.js
https://assets.guim.co.uk/javascripts/ed8206d37cdb85dda484/graun.vendors~commercial~enhanced.js.map
https://assets.guim.co.uk/javascripts/e2ea85dc554092a9b1bd/graun.youtube.js
https://assets.guim.co.uk/javascripts/e2ea85dc554092a9b1bd/graun.youtube.js.map
https://assets.guim.co.uk/javascripts/a94bd1c6d83a61919d46/graun.standard.js
https://assets.guim.co.uk/javascripts/a94bd1c6d83a61919d46/graun.standard.js.map
https://assets.guim.co.uk/javascripts/8a6c81e93d961f78cf88/graun.vendors~Prebid.js.js
https://assets.guim.co.uk/javascripts/8a6c81e93d961f78cf88/graun.vendors~Prebid.js.js.map
https://assets.guim.co.uk/javascripts/893d9526fe0a6daf6b16/graun.enhanced.js
https://assets.guim.co.uk/javascripts/893d9526fe0a6daf6b16/graun.enhanced.js.map
https://assets.guim.co.uk/javascripts/6ce9271c64710b1edb49/graun.commercial~enhanced.js
https://assets.guim.co.uk/javascripts/6ce9271c64710b1edb49/graun.commercial~enhanced.js.map
https://assets.guim.co.uk/javascripts/5cfa6a6d0c7a21d8381d/graun.article~facia~trail~youtube.js
https://assets.guim.co.uk/javascripts/5cfa6a6d0c7a21d8381d/graun.article~facia~trail~youtube.js.map
https://assets.guim.co.uk/javascripts/5c01f66cc73883496a8f/graun.43.js
https://assets.guim.co.uk/javascripts/5c01f66cc73883496a8f/graun.43.js.map
https://assets.guim.co.uk/javascripts/577b2695d22ef12b645f/graun.vendors~enhanced.js
https://assets.guim.co.uk/javascripts/577b2695d22ef12b645f/graun.vendors~enhanced.js.map
https://assets.guim.co.uk/javascripts/357024dc6a1dd4240796/graun.facia.js
https://assets.guim.co.uk/javascripts/357024dc6a1dd4240796/graun.facia.js.map
https://assets.guim.co.uk/javascripts/051723cd490480b13859/graun.commercial.js
https://assets.guim.co.uk/javascripts/051723cd490480b13859/graun.commercial.js.map
https://assets.guim.co.uk/javascripts/04c65e90a9405261f3e2/graun.vendors~commercial~facia.js
https://assets.guim.co.uk/javascripts/04c65e90a9405261f3e2/graun.vendors~commercial~facia.js.map

Audits

Does not use HTTPS — 1 insecure request found
Ensure that all pages are protected with HTTPS (including those that do not handle sensitive data) as HTTPS prevents tampering and passive listening on communications between the app and its users. Additionally, HTTPS is a prerequisite for HTTP/2 and many new web platform APIs.
Insecure URL
http://guardian.co.uk/

Audits

Registers an `unload` listener
The 'unload' event does not fire reliably, causing issues with browser optimizations such as the Back-Forward Cache. It is recommended that 'pagehide' or 'visibilitychange' events are used instead.
URL
Browser errors were logged to the console
Below is a list of all errors logged to the console, which indicate unresolved problems on the site.
URL Description
https://www.theguardian.com/us
Refused to execute script from 'https://www.facebook.com/tr?id=279880532344561&ev=PageView&noscript=1' because its MIME type ('image/gif') is not executable.
https://interactive.guim.co.uk/atoms/thrashers/2020/04/trusted-news-october/us-blue/v/1604578141169/app.js
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83

SEO

Indicates how well the page is optimized for ranking in search engines and highlights Search Engine Optimization (SEO) opportunities for guardian.co.uk. This includes optimizations such as providing meta data.

Mobile Friendly

Has a `<meta name="viewport">` tag with `width` or `initial-scale`
It is advised to use a '<meta name="viewport">' tag for the optimization of guardian.co.uk on mobile screens.
Document uses legible font sizes
Font sizes of 12px or less are too small to most mobile users without user gestures and further action. Aim for more than 60% of page text to use font sizes greater than 12px.
Tap targets are sized appropriately
Interactive elements (such as buttons and links) should be appropriately spaced, sized and easy enough to select or tap with regard to their surrounding elements.

Content Best Practices

Document has a `<title>` element
Search engines, screen reader users and other assistive technology users rely on the title to provide an overview of the page and to help determine if the page is relevant to their search.
Document has a meta description
Meta descriptions may be used by search engines when displaying a link to the page and should concisely summarize the page's content.
Links have descriptive text
Make use of descriptive link text to assist search engines in understanding the content.
Document has a valid `hreflang`
Search engines can be instructed to list specific versions of a page for a given language or region through the use of hreflang links.
Document has a valid `rel=canonical`
Search engines can be suggested which URL should be shown in search results through the use of canonical links.
Document avoids plugins
The content of plugins cannot be indexed by search engines and many devices either restrict or do not support them.

Crawling and Indexing

Page has successful HTTP status code
Avoid pages with unsuccessful HTTP status codes as they may not be indexed by search engines.
Page isn’t blocked from indexing
Pages that cannot be crawled by search engines cannot be indexed or included in their search results. Ensure that search engines have permission to crawl all pages that should be indexed.
robots.txt is valid
Malformed robots.txt files prevent crawlers from understanding how a site wants to be crawled or indexed, which can be devastating to SEO.

Crawling and Indexing

Links are not crawlable
Ensure that the 'href' attribute of anchor elements links to the appropriate destination. This allows for more pages of the site to be discovered by search engines.

Content Best Practices

Image elements do not have `[alt]` attributes
Provide short and descriptive alternative text where possible on informative elements.
Failing Elements
img
img
img

Manual Checks

Structured data is valid
Structured data can be validated through the use of the Structured Data Testing Tool and the Structured Data Linter.
26

Progressive Web App

Indicates how valid the aspects of a Progressive Web App (PWA) are for the page and highlights opportunities to enable/improve the PWA of guardian.co.uk. This includes details about web app manifests.

PWA Optimized

Redirects HTTP traffic to HTTPS
It is advised to redirect all HTTP traffic to HTTPS, in order to enable secure web features for all users.
Sets a theme color for the address bar.
A theme may be applied to the browser address bar, which ideally can be made to match the site.
View Data
Content is sized correctly for the viewport
Ensure that the width of the app's content matches the width of the viewport, otherwise the app might not be optimized for mobile screens.
Has a `<meta name="viewport">` tag with `width` or `initial-scale`
It is advised to use a '<meta name="viewport">' tag for the optimization of guardian.co.uk on mobile screens.
Contains some content when JavaScript is not available
Apps should display alternative content for when JavaScript is disabled.
Provides a valid `apple-touch-icon`
iOS users of Progressive Web Apps will benefit from an apple touch icon, which can be defined with 'apple-touch-icon', which must point to a non-transparent 192px (or 180px) square PNG.

Fast and reliable

Page load is not fast enough on mobile networks — Interactive on simulated mobile network at 24.8 s
Ensure that the page loads fast enough over a cellular network, to ensure good mobile user experience.
Current page does not respond with a 200 when offline
In order for Progressive Web Apps to be made available offline, ensure that the app is using a service worker.
`start_url` does not respond with a 200 when offline
Consider using a service worker for Progressive Web Apps to ensure greater reliability for the user, in the case of poor network conditions.

Installable

Does not use HTTPS — 1 insecure request found
Ensure that all pages are protected with HTTPS (including those that do not handle sensitive data) as HTTPS prevents tampering and passive listening on communications between the app and its users. Additionally, HTTPS is a prerequisite for HTTP/2 and many new web platform APIs.
Insecure URL
http://guardian.co.uk/
Does not register a service worker that controls page and `start_url`
A service worker is used to provide Progressive Web Apps the use of features such as working offline, the ability for the app to be added to the homescreen as well as push notifications.
Web app manifest does not meet the installability requirements
User engagement may be increased by leveraging the browsers ability to proactively prompt users to add the app to their homescreen.
View Data

PWA Optimized

Is not configured for a custom splash screen
Themed splash screens ensure a high-quality user experience at launch for app users.
View Data
Manifest doesn't have a maskable icon
Maskable icons are great to ensure that images fill the entire shape when installing the app on a device.

Manual Checks

Site works cross-browser
Ensure that the Progressive Web App works correctly across every major browser.
Page transitions don't feel like they block on the network
Users perceive apps with responsive, snappy transitions as higher peforming and ensures a great user experience, even on a slow network.
Each page has a URL
Ensure that all pages are deep linkable via URL. They should also be unique for the purpose of shareability on social media.
Avg. (All Categories) 61
Performance 24
Accessibility 80
Best Practices 86
SEO 84
Progressive Web App 29
0–49 (Fail) 50–89 (Average) 90–100 (Pass)
URL: https://www.theguardian.com/us
Updated: 17th November, 2020

1.12 seconds
First Contentful Paint (FCP)
70%
26%
4%

0.05 seconds
First Input Delay (FID)
91%
7%
2%

Simulate loading on mobile
24

Performance

Indicates how well the page is performing and highlights opportunities where performance may be improved for guardian.co.uk. This includes details about optimizing page load times which can result in a better user experience.

Metrics

Cumulative Layout Shift — 0.019
Cumulative Layout Shift is the measurement of visible elements collective movement within the viewport.
View Data

Other

First CPU Idle — 2.9 s
The time taken for the page's main thread to be quiet enough to handle input.
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https://securepubads.g.doubleclick.net/gpt/pubads_impl_2020111201.js
2723.4459999599
2734.7399999853
101501
283557
200
text/javascript
Script
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2806.4089999534
2815.1979999966
2429
1628
200
text/javascript
Script
https://sb.scorecardresearch.com/b2?c1=2&c2=6035250&cs_ucfr=1&ns__t=1605637308202&ns_c=UTF-8&cv=3.6.3.200713&c8=News%2C%20sport%20and%20opinion%20from%20the%20Guardian%27s%20US%20edition%20%7C%20The%20Guardian&c7=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fus&c9=&cs_ak_ss=1
2811.6299999529
2830.3949999972
528
0
204
text/plain
Image
https://cdn.brandmetrics.com/scripts/bundle/680511.js
2821.7449999647
2867.4480000045
11692
34545
200
text/javascript
Script
https://analytics.twitter.com/i/adsct?type=javascript&version=1.1.0&p_id=Twitter&p_user_id=0&txn_id=nyl43&events=%5B%5B%22pageview%22%2Cnull%5D%5D&tw_sale_amount=0&tw_order_quantity=0&tw_iframe_status=0&tpx_cb=twttr.conversion.loadPixels&tw_document_href=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fus
2826.0000000009
2881.0780000058
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200
application/javascript
Script
https://analytics.twitter.com/i/adsct?type=javascript&version=1.1.0&p_id=Twitter&p_user_id=0&txn_id=ny4k9&events=%5B%5B%22pageview%22%2Cnull%5D%5D&tw_sale_amount=0&tw_order_quantity=0&tw_iframe_status=0&tpx_cb=twttr.conversion.loadPixels&tw_document_href=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fus
2830.2709999844
2870.271999971
964
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200
application/javascript
Script
https://t.co/i/adsct?type=javascript&version=1.1.0&p_id=Twitter&p_user_id=0&txn_id=nyl43&events=%5B%5B%22pageview%22%2Cnull%5D%5D&tw_sale_amount=0&tw_order_quantity=0&tw_iframe_status=0&tw_document_href=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fus
2832.0959999692
2887.0839999872
688
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200
image/gif
Image
https://t.co/i/adsct?type=javascript&version=1.1.0&p_id=Twitter&p_user_id=0&txn_id=ny4k9&events=%5B%5B%22pageview%22%2Cnull%5D%5D&tw_sale_amount=0&tw_order_quantity=0&tw_iframe_status=0&tw_document_href=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fus
2832.35099999
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688
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image/gif
Image
https://ipv6.guim.co.uk/
2832.585999975
2924.61799999
366
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200
text/plain
XHR
https://c.amazon-adsystem.com/bao-csm/aps-comm/aps_csm.js
2850.5219999934
2872.6179999649
3294
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200
application/javascript
XHR
https://cdn.permutive.com/models/d6691a17-6fdb-4d26-85d6-b3dd27f55f08-models.bin
2935.7109999983
2965.2789999964
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200
application/x-binary
XHR
https://ib.adnxs.com/getuidj
2941.0689999931
2965.9450000036
705
11
200
application/json
XHR
https://pixel.adsafeprotected.com/services/pub?anId=10249&slot=%7Bid:dfp-ad--top-above-nav--mobile,ss:%5B1.1,2.2,88.70,88.71,300.250,300.274%5D,p:/59666047/theguardian.com/us/front/ng,t:display%7D&wr=360.640&sr=360.640&sessionId=d65172c9-fa72-3985-4947-b81cd8b30189&url=https%253A%252F%252Fwww.theguardian.com%252Fus
2995.5229999614
3044.9870000011
662
277
200
application/json
XHR
https://pixel.adsafeprotected.com/services/pub?anId=10249&slot=%7Bid:dfp-ad--merchandising-high,ss:%5B1.1,2.2,88.87%5D,p:/59666047/theguardian.com/us/front/ng,t:display%7D&wr=360.640&sr=360.640&sessionId=d65172c9-fa72-3985-4947-b81cd8b30189&url=https%253A%252F%252Fwww.theguardian.com%252Fus
2999.049999984
3038.4389999672
674
289
200
application/json
XHR
https://pixel.adsafeprotected.com/services/pub?anId=10249&slot=%7Bid:dfp-ad--inline1--mobile,ss:%5B1.1,2.2,300.250,300.274%5D,p:/59666047/theguardian.com/us/front/ng,t:display%7D&wr=360.640&sr=360.640&sessionId=d65172c9-fa72-3985-4947-b81cd8b30189&url=https%253A%252F%252Fwww.theguardian.com%252Fus
3002.6929999585
3063.4719999507
661
276
200
application/json
XHR
https://pixel.adsafeprotected.com/services/pub?anId=10249&slot=%7Bid:dfp-ad--inline2--mobile,ss:%5B1.1,2.2,300.250,300.274%5D,p:/59666047/theguardian.com/us/front/ng,t:display%7D&wr=360.640&sr=360.640&sessionId=d65172c9-fa72-3985-4947-b81cd8b30189&url=https%253A%252F%252Fwww.theguardian.com%252Fus
3005.897999974
3100.9579999954
661
276
200
application/json
XHR
https://pixel.adsafeprotected.com/services/pub?anId=10249&slot=%7Bid:dfp-ad--inline3--mobile,ss:%5B1.1,2.2,300.250,300.274%5D,p:/59666047/theguardian.com/us/front/ng,t:display%7D&wr=360.640&sr=360.640&sessionId=d65172c9-fa72-3985-4947-b81cd8b30189&url=https%253A%252F%252Fwww.theguardian.com%252Fus
3009.4490000047
3095.7569999737
661
276
200
application/json
XHR
https://pixel.adsafeprotected.com/services/pub?anId=10249&slot=%7Bid:dfp-ad--inline4--mobile,ss:%5B1.1,2.2,300.250,300.274%5D,p:/59666047/theguardian.com/us/front/ng,t:display%7D&wr=360.640&sr=360.640&sessionId=d65172c9-fa72-3985-4947-b81cd8b30189&url=https%253A%252F%252Fwww.theguardian.com%252Fus
3012.8919999697
3097.6959999534
661
276
200
application/json
XHR
https://pixel.adsafeprotected.com/services/pub?anId=10249&slot=%7Bid:dfp-ad--inline5--mobile,ss:%5B1.1,2.2,300.250,300.274%5D,p:/59666047/theguardian.com/us/front/ng,t:display%7D&wr=360.640&sr=360.640&sessionId=d65172c9-fa72-3985-4947-b81cd8b30189&url=https%253A%252F%252Fwww.theguardian.com%252Fus
3016.6730000055
3110.8829999575
630
246
200
application/json
XHR
https://pixel.adsafeprotected.com/services/pub?anId=10249&slot=%7Bid:dfp-ad--mostpop,ss:%5B1.1,2.2,300.250,300.274,300.600,728.90%5D,p:/59666047/theguardian.com/us/front/ng,t:display%7D&wr=360.640&sr=360.640&sessionId=d65172c9-fa72-3985-4947-b81cd8b30189&url=https%253A%252F%252Fwww.theguardian.com%252Fus
3020.9299999988
3050.4429999855
622
238
200
application/json
XHR
https://pixel.adsafeprotected.com/services/pub?anId=10249&slot=%7Bid:dfp-ad--merchandising,ss:%5B1.1,2.2,88.88%5D,p:/59666047/theguardian.com/us/front/ng,t:display%7D&wr=360.640&sr=360.640&sessionId=d65172c9-fa72-3985-4947-b81cd8b30189&url=https%253A%252F%252Fwww.theguardian.com%252Fus
3027.1380000049
3065.3689999599
665
280
200
application/json
XHR
https://www.google.com/pagead/1p-user-list/971225648/?random=1605637308299&cv=9&fst=1605636000000&num=1&guid=ON&u_h=640&u_w=360&u_ah=640&u_aw=360&u_cd=24&u_his=2&u_tz=-480&u_java=false&u_nplug=0&u_nmime=0&sendb=1&frm=0&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fus&tiba=News%2C%20sport%20and%20opinion%20from%20the%20Guardian%27s%20US%20edition%20%7C%20The%20Guardian&async=1&fmt=3&is_vtc=1&random=3934835651&resp=GooglemKTybQhCsO&rmt_tld=0&ipr=y
3033.8110000012
3049.5169999776
746
42
200
image/gif
Image
https://cdn.privacy-mgmt.com/mms/v2/message?message_id=383916
3067.3979999847
3096.2270000018
19639
19155
200
application/json
Fetch
blob:https://www.theguardian.com/70f5d421-228c-401b-9566-dfa94fb94b8b
3078.8729999913
3124.1889999947
0
319569
200
application/javascript
Other
https://api.permutive.com/graphql?k=359ba275-5edd-4756-84f8-21a24369ce0b
3095.364000008
3240.9369999659
908
690
200
application/json
XHR
https://ophan.theguardian.com/img/2?viewId=khmazuavs2p53y5nnqqq&adUnitWasHidden=false
3105.1139999763
3230.1480000024
336
0
204
Image
https://d2p3zdq8vjvnxd.cloudfront.net/?s_id=7417&m_id=383916&consentUUID=undefined&requestUUID=undefined
3229.1579999728
3347.2169999732
522
26
200
image/gif
Image
https://collector.brandmetrics.com/c.js?siteid=e96d04c8-3208-4488-a841-a06b49b8fb2d&toploc=www.theguardian.com&rnd=167635
3243.667999981
3346.3709999924
188
0
200
text/javascript
Script
3270.8310000016
3270.9679999971
0
5209
200
image/svg+xml
Image
3274.3469999987
3274.4409999577
0
1431
200
image/svg+xml
Image
https://ophan.theguardian.com/img/2?viewId=khmazuavs2p53y5nnqqq&ipConnectivity=%7B%22ipv4%22%3A%22successipv4%22%2C%22dual%22%3A%22successipv4%22%2C%22ipv6%22%3A%22successipv6%22%7D
3329.9089999637
3433.5829999764
336
0
204
Image
https://pubads.g.doubleclick.net/activity;dc_iu=/59666047/DFPAudiencePixel;ord=1;dc_seg=895181798;permutive=23527?
3560.6879999978
3978.415999969
1031
42
200
image/gif
Image
https://image2.pubmatic.com/AdServer/UCookieSetPug?rd=https%3A%2F%2Faud.pubmatic.com%2FAdServer%2FArtemis%3Fdpid%3D388%26segid%3D23527
3561.3069999963
3594.9559999863
511
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text/html
https://image2.pubmatic.com/AdServer/UCookieSetPug?ird=1&rd=https%3A%2F%2Faud.pubmatic.com%2FAdServer%2FArtemis%3Fdpid%3D388%26segid%3D23527
3595.2509999624
3628.4929999965
452
0
302
text/html
https://aud.pubmatic.com/AdServer/Artemis?dpid=388&segid=23527
3628.767999995
3732.2309999727
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200
text/plain
Image
https://api.permutive.com/v2.0/batch/events?enrich=false&sdkp=true&k=359ba275-5edd-4756-84f8-21a24369ce0b
4101.5100000077
4203.1819999684
648
201
200
application/json
XHR
https://pixel.adsafeprotected.com/jsdiagnostic?code:pet_profile&anid:10249&sessionId:d65172c9-fa72-3985-4947-b81cd8b30189&err:responsetime%3A121%26probability%3A10
4996.2139999843
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Image
Network Round Trip Times — 0 ms
High Network RTT (Round Trip Times) can have a large impact on performance. Providing servers geographically closer to the user could improve performance.
Server Backend Latencies — 0 ms
High server latencies indicate the server is overloaded or has a poor backend performance.
Tasks
Below is a list of the top-level main thread tasks that executed during page load.
Start Time (Ms) End Time (Ms)
352.083
15.445
381.728
24.984
410.758
36.115
446.901
72.792
531.948
29.802
567.563
8.668
580.89
5.78
586.822
9.718
596.833
7.984
604.83
84.282
692.682
40.011
732.841
13.76
773.928
64.32
838.575
8.774
862.098
126.543
988.895
11.543
1007.992
36.315
1065.333
130.329
1195.933
19.358
1218.197
9.653
1234.873
13.766
1259.309
115.032
1374.399
20.274
1394.957
18.166
1416.223
32.525
1450.346
65.746
1516.162
14.202
1536.796
115.14
1654.357
10.281
1665.234
5.526
1681.744
6.932
1697.044
49.041
1754.554
21.135
1775.758
5.107
1780.885
133.826
1914.742
18.134
1937.819
28.928
1975.667
5.326
1985.604
26.666
2012.93
31.154
2051.074
17.522
2071.047
9.266
2080.856
15.804
2100.857
36.293
2139.858
85.934
2233.596
20.74
2262.662
23.642
2289.263
7.886
2297.205
13.133
2314.424
23.554
2341.161
5.849
2347.191
6.149
2356.21
147.426
2503.675
35.195
2540.436
12.477
2554.669
9.719
2567.13
5.321
2573.643
68.099
2643.093
39.528
2682.651
11.75
2698.179
7.967
2729.966
25.349
2765.957
45.636
2814.3
5.406
2821.779
16.682
2845.871
8.723
2861.565
20.986
2889.074
84
2973.322
87.552
3064.788
37.88
3116.877
10.801
3165.845
29.985
3200.3
16.37
3228.366
5.333
3233.721
22.487
3261.555
6.617
3269.941
6.457
3279.59
69.178
3348.996
7.369
3384.893
7.926
3416.906
5.68
3451.966
29.551
3504.369
14.259
3577.256
15.124
3634.328
14.271
4240.138
13.01
4437.417
11.662
Diagnostics
Below is a collection of useful page vitals.
View Data
Metrics
Below is a collection of metrics.
View Data

Opportunities

Eliminate render-blocking resources
Resources, such as JavaScript and style sheets, can block the first paint of the page. Guardian.co.uk should consider delivering critical JavaScript/style sheets (JS/CSS) inline and deferring all non-critical JS/CSS.
Properly size images
Images can slow down the page's load time. Guardian.co.uk should consider serving more appropriate-sized images.
Minify CSS
Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) files can contribute to network payload sizes. Guardian.co.uk should consider minifying CSS files.
Efficiently encode images
Unoptimized images can consume more cellular data than what is necessary.
Serve images in next-gen formats — Potential savings of 11 KiB
Image formats like PNG and JPEG have poor compression when compared to other next-gen formats, such as JPEG 200, JPEG XR and WebP.
URL Resource Size (Bytes) Potential Savings (Bytes)
https://uploads.guim.co.uk/2020/10/22/newsletter-treat-img.png
19709
11747
Preconnect to required origins
Resource hints, such as 'preconnect' or 'dns-prefetch', may assist in establishing early connections to important third-party origins.
Initial server response time was short — Root document took 90 ms
It is advised to keep the server response time short for the main document, because all other requests depend on it.
URL Time Spent (Ms)
https://www.theguardian.com/us
92.051
Preload key requests
Key requests can be preloaded by using '<link rel=preload>'. Guardian.co.uk should consider using '<link rel=preload>' to prioritize fetching resources that are currently requested later in page load.
Use video formats for animated content
Large GIFs are inefficient for delivering animated content. It is recommended to use MPEG4/WebM videos for animations and PNG/WebP for static images instead of GIF.
Remove duplicate modules in JavaScript bundles — Potential savings of 3 KiB
Ensure that no duplicate JavaScript modules from bundles exist to reduce bytes consumed by network activity.
Source Transfer Size (Bytes) Potential Savings (Bytes)
webpack:///./static/src/javascripts/projects/common/modules/commercial/build-page-targeting.js
1254
webpack:///./static/src/javascripts/projects/commercial/modules/header-bidding/utils.js
1128
webpack:///./static/src/javascripts/projects/common/modules/commercial/commercial-features.js
1066

Diagnostics

Avoids enormous network payloads — Total size was 1,817 KiB
Large network payloads can cost users money and are linked to long load times.
URL Transfer Size (Bytes)
https://ccpa-notice.sp-prod.net/Notice.c21eb.js
146522
https://www.theguardian.com/us
127721
https://cdn.permutive.com/d6691a17-6fdb-4d26-85d6-b3dd27f55f08-web.js
112529
https://securepubads.g.doubleclick.net/gpt/pubads_impl_2020111201.js
101501
https://assets.guim.co.uk/javascripts/8a6c81e93d961f78cf88/graun.vendors~Prebid.js.js
89572
https://assets.guim.co.uk/fonts/801cb6775a39b51a0d7a7570b5b4023e/GuardianHeadline.woff2.json
87331
https://assets.guim.co.uk/fonts/3b4fd8ee18b03d340900bf4a80fd6184/GuardianTextEgyptianWeb.woff2.json
72944
https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/c30d8461248e62865cd0305edb982253fd3c1400/0_160_3500_1970/3500.jpg?width=700&quality=85&auto=format&fit=max&s=94f98e05e9361cecec347213bf45fbe0
71304
https://assets.guim.co.uk/javascripts/a94bd1c6d83a61919d46/graun.standard.js
56460
https://confiant-integrations.global.ssl.fastly.net/gpt/202011151531/wrap.js
54709
Avoid chaining critical requests — 22 chains found
Below is a list of Critical Request Chains, which shows which resources are loaded with a high priority. Guardian.co.uk should consider reducing the length of chains, reducing the download size of resources, or deferring the download of unnecessary resources to improve page load.
User Timing marks and measures — 21 user timings
Make use of the User Timing API to measure an app's real-world performance during key user experiences.
Name Type Start Time (Ms) Duration (Ms)
lteu
Measure
3076.234
0.195
ltpq
Measure
3076.664
0.075
standard boot
Mark
1430.376
standard start
Mark
1430.937
standard end
Mark
1449.889
cmp-ccpa-init
Mark
1453.34
commercial request
Mark
1475.984
enhanced request
Mark
1481.688
commercial boot
Mark
1790.871
commercial start
Mark
1791.013
enhanced boot
Mark
1794.152
App Begin
Mark
1795.039
braze-banner-start
Mark
1871.058
App End
Mark
1878.972
commercial end
Mark
2062.452
gpt-tag-load
Mark
2968.581
loadStarteventUtils
Mark
3076.248
loadEndeventUtils
Mark
3076.436
loadStartpixelQueue
Mark
3076.669
loadEndpixelQueue
Mark
3076.739
cmp-ccpa-ui-displayed
Mark
3234.877
Keep request counts low and transfer sizes small — 146 requests • 1,817 KiB
It is advised to add a budgets.json file in order to set budgets for the quantity and size of page resources.
Resource Type Requests Transfer Size (Bytes)
Total
146
1861080
Script
41
909769
Image
54
409257
Other
42
272216
Document
3
141111
Font
3
77396
Stylesheet
3
51331
Media
0
0
Third-party
126
1682196
Largest Contentful Paint element — 1 element found
The element which was identified as the Largest Contentful Paint.
Element
img
Avoid large layout shifts — 5 elements found
Below is a list of all DOM elements that contribute to the CLS of the page.
Element CLS Contribution
1
0.017702788923363
0.00065065406208982
0.00040575527276247
0.00035724105536696
Uses passive listeners to improve scrolling performance
Improve the page's scroll performance by marking touch and wheel event listeners as 'passive'.
Avoids `document.write()`
Avoid or limit the use of external scripts that are dynamically injected via 'document.write()' as users on slow connections will be delayed by tens of seconds.
Avoid long main-thread tasks — 20 long tasks found
Below is a list of the longest tasks on the main thread, which is useful when identifying the worst input delay contributors.
URL Start Time (Ms) Duration (Ms)
https://assets.guim.co.uk/javascripts/6ce9271c64710b1edb49/graun.commercial~enhanced.js
9244
535
https://securepubads.g.doubleclick.net/gpt/pubads_impl_2020111201.js
13735.181694031
350
https://cdn.permutive.com/d6691a17-6fdb-4d26-85d6-b3dd27f55f08-web.js
12720
336
https://assets.guim.co.uk/javascripts/a94bd1c6d83a61919d46/graun.standard.js
10566
295
https://assets.guim.co.uk/javascripts/a94bd1c6d83a61919d46/graun.standard.js
8625
263
https://www.theguardian.com/us
8121
261
https://www.theguardian.com/us
7749
253
https://interactive.guim.co.uk/thrashers/newsletters-2020-election-nugget/hashed/main.f09d7df5.js
14850
230
https://assets.guim.co.uk/javascripts/a94bd1c6d83a61919d46/graun.standard.js
8888
230
https://www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js
15362.181694031
196
https://assets.guim.co.uk/javascripts/8a6c81e93d961f78cf88/graun.vendors~Prebid.js.js
11239
183
https://assets.guim.co.uk/javascripts/a94bd1c6d83a61919d46/graun.standard.js
10227
172
https://www.theguardian.com/us
7236
169
https://assets.guim.co.uk/javascripts/a94bd1c6d83a61919d46/graun.standard.js
7405
160
https://assets.guim.co.uk/javascripts/a94bd1c6d83a61919d46/graun.standard.js
14340
158
https://ccpa-notice.sp-prod.net/Notice.c21eb.js
16710
152
https://www.theguardian.com/us
640
146
https://assets.guim.co.uk/javascripts/357024dc6a1dd4240796/graun.facia.js
10082
145
https://www.theguardian.com/us
7032
144
https://www.theguardian.com/us
10861
141
Avoid non-composited animations
It is recommended to avoid non-composited animations which are often janky and increase CLS.
Avoids large JavaScript libraries with smaller alternatives — 0 large libraries found
It is recommended to work with smaller JavaScript libraries to reduce your bundle size and avoid poor performance.

Budgets

Performance budget
It is advised to keep the quantity and size of all network requests under the targets set by the provided performance budget.
Timing budget
It is advised to set a timing budget to monitor the performance of your site.

Metrics

First Contentful Paint — 2.8 s
The time taken for the first image or text on the page to be rendered.

Other

First Meaningful Paint — 2.9 s
The time taken for the primary content of the page to be rendered.
First Contentful Paint (3G) — 5822.002288818359 ms
The time taken for the first image or text on the page to be rendered while on a 3G network.

Opportunities

Minify JavaScript — Potential savings of 3 KiB
JavaScript (JS) files can contribute to network payload sizes and increase script parse times. Guardian.co.uk should consider minifying JS files.
URL Transfer Size (Bytes) Potential Savings (Bytes)
https://interactive.guim.co.uk/libs/iframe-messenger/iframeMessenger.js
4578
2740
Remove unused CSS — Potential savings of 133 KiB
Dead and/or unused rules in Style Sheets (CSS) can contribute to network payload sizes. Guardian.co.uk should consider removing dead rules from style sheets and deferring the loading of CSS not used for above-the-fold content.
URL Transfer Size (Bytes) Potential Savings (Bytes)
html{-ms-text-size-adjust:100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%} ...
48145
41292
https://assets.guim.co.uk/stylesheets/262e47fe5548771c4490ba144a1a8778/facia.garnett.css
42061
39904
https://www.theguardian.com/email/form/footer/today-us
22637
22637
https://www.theguardian.com/email/form/footer/today-us
18836
18836
https://www.theguardian.com/email/form/footer/today-us
13122
13122
Enable text compression — Potential savings of 125 KiB
Text-based resources should be served with compression, such as gzip, deflate or brotli.
URL Transfer Size (Bytes) Potential Savings (Bytes)
https://ccpa-notice.sp-prod.net/Notice.c21eb.js
146045
113170
https://cdn.privacy-mgmt.com/mms/v2/message?message_id=383916
19155
12907
https://sourcepoint.theguardian.com/mms/v2/message_url?requestUUID=492b3fff-f62d-4fab-b676-266f70bf7f7c&account_id=1257&abp=false&href=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fus&consentUUID=undefined&loadedData=%5B%7B%22id%22%3A%22CONSENT%3Aendpoint%3Ahttps%3A%2F%2Fsourcepoint.theguardian.com%3A7417%22%2C%22result%22%3A%22%7B%5C%22hasConsentData%5C%22%3Afalse%2C%5C%22consentedToAny%5C%22%3Afalse%2C%5C%22consentedToAll%5C%22%3Afalse%2C%5C%22rejectedAny%5C%22%3Afalse%7D%22%7D%5D&stage_campaign=false&cookie=%5B%5D&t[framework]=ccpa
2745
1846
Avoid serving legacy JavaScript to modern browsers — Potential savings of 32 KiB
Polyfills and transforms enable legacy browsers to use new JavaScript features. For bundled JavaScript it is recommended to adopt a modern script deployment strategy using module/nomodule feature detection. This will reduce the amount of code shipped to modern browsers.
URL Potential Savings (Bytes)
https://assets.guim.co.uk/javascripts/8a6c81e93d961f78cf88/graun.vendors~Prebid.js.js
11531
https://confiant-integrations.global.ssl.fastly.net/gpt/202011151531/wrap.js
8850
https://assets.guim.co.uk/javascripts/a94bd1c6d83a61919d46/graun.standard.js
6910
https://c.amazon-adsystem.com/aax2/apstag.js
5229
https://cdn.adsafeprotected.com/iasPET.1.js
92

Metrics

Speed Index — 8.5 s
The time taken for the page contents to be visibly populated.
Largest Contentful Paint — 5.9 s
The timing of the largest text or image that is painted.
Time to Interactive — 16.8 s
The time taken for the page to become fully interactive.
Total Blocking Time — 4,170 ms
The total blocking time is the sum of all time periods between First Contentful Paint and Time to Interactive (when task length exceeded 50ms).

Other

Max Potential First Input Delay — 540 ms
Users could experience a delay when interacting with the page.
Estimated Input Latency — 220 ms
The time taken for the page to respond to user input (during the busiest 5 second window of page load). Users are likely to perceive guardian.co.uk as laggy when the latency is higher than 0.05 seconds.

Opportunities

Defer offscreen images — Potential savings of 293 KiB
Time to Interactive can be slowed down by resources on the page. Guardian.co.uk should consider lazy-loading offscreen and hidden images.
URL Resource Size (Bytes) Potential Savings (Bytes)
https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/c30d8461248e62865cd0305edb982253fd3c1400/0_160_3500_1970/3500.jpg?width=700&quality=85&auto=format&fit=max&s=94f98e05e9361cecec347213bf45fbe0
70592
70592
https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/34a89b10fb382984d6f7e3ae398d60b30e6bf32e/0_317_6000_3375/6000.jpg?width=700&quality=85&auto=format&fit=max&s=2d72e62a36db54ff1689c3167c5b29d5
43560
43560
https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/fbfe569140ffbd5b19e630815a603c0c655111c7/0_254_4928_2772/4928.jpg?width=700&quality=85&auto=format&fit=max&s=9d66970541152922e951f8a5adcc86c8
43494
43494
https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/e44aa45a112fe820c28926bce59ba2dd45fc129b/84_0_1770_996/1770.jpg?width=700&quality=85&auto=format&fit=max&s=fbb7cc060121051d83f90c61d02fc930
34092
34092
https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/aac728f2c24bcfb2281eb38417b795bd2585676e/328_0_667_375/667.jpg?width=700&quality=85&auto=format&fit=max&s=3fbd35b4c4353e09f890434d81b5885f
30758
30758
https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/d38b0240564408534efcdb7ae9636db31ac3ea13/0_83_2245_1263/2245.jpg?width=700&quality=85&auto=format&fit=max&s=e2c7a7fa796e4e7c7b82e59fd8d4102c
19228
19228
https://interactive.guim.co.uk/atoms/thrashers/2020/11/us-morning-briefing-post-election-2020/assets/v/1603724865849/Banner_Whitehouse.png
17899
17899
https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/2e1ef126b90bec368b6473f457efbfbb346b0944/0_0_1920_1080/1920.jpg?width=700&quality=85&auto=format&fit=max&s=b46bfd5495603aab3462fb77f3d5cdd4
17718
17718
https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/b2cd922025031b8aa5667e7d76fbb81b64fea934/20_0_1879_1057/1879.jpg?width=700&quality=85&auto=format&fit=max&s=1729d09eb8705b520a5706d28a64a63c
10034
10034
https://static.theguardian.com/commercial/sponsor/02/Nov/2020/98d92863-7180-424c-83d7-0f5df2ce8001-Hulu-AR-logo.jpg
7756
7756
https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/20c479b0d1bb947f90b16d13e95ba57ee1c26e59/0_211_3500_1969/3500.jpg?width=700&quality=85&auto=format&fit=max&s=7f5c49efadd2233a8069384b4e9169c0
5060
5060
Remove unused JavaScript — Potential savings of 430 KiB
It is advised to remove unused JavaScript in order to reduce bytes consumed by network activity.
URL Transfer Size (Bytes) Potential Savings (Bytes)
https://ccpa-notice.sp-prod.net/Notice.c21eb.js
146522
102873
https://securepubads.g.doubleclick.net/gpt/pubads_impl_2020111201.js
101501
80364
https://cdn.permutive.com/d6691a17-6fdb-4d26-85d6-b3dd27f55f08-web.js
112529
79325
https://assets.guim.co.uk/javascripts/8a6c81e93d961f78cf88/graun.vendors~Prebid.js.js
89572
68172
https://confiant-integrations.global.ssl.fastly.net/gpt/202011151531/wrap.js
54709
41579
https://assets.guim.co.uk/javascripts/a94bd1c6d83a61919d46/graun.standard.js
56460
23953
https://confiant-integrations.global.ssl.fastly.net/prebid/202011151531/wrap.js
23919
22333
https://c.amazon-adsystem.com/aax2/apstag.js
30364
22211
Avoid multiple page redirects — Potential savings of 1,890 ms
Redirects can cause additional delays before the page can begin loading. Guardian.co.uk should avoid multiple or unnecessary page redirects.
URL Time Spent (Ms)
http://guardian.co.uk/
630
https://guardian.co.uk/
480
https://www.theguardian.com/
780
https://www.theguardian.com/us
0

Diagnostics

Serve static assets with an efficient cache policy — 22 resources found
Guardian.co.uk can speed up repeat visits by increasing the cache lifetime, which is essentially how long before a cached copy expires.
URL Cache TTL (Ms) Transfer Size (Bytes)
https://ccpa-notice.sp-prod.net/Notice.c21eb.js
0
146522
https://uploads.guim.co.uk/2020/10/22/newsletter-treat-img.png
0
20262
https://static.theguardian.com/commercial/sponsor/02/Nov/2020/98d92863-7180-424c-83d7-0f5df2ce8001-Hulu-AR-logo.jpg
0
8267
https://ccpa-notice.sp-prod.net/Notice.7f9f7.css
0
5346
https://ccpa-notice.sp-prod.net/polyfills.ede70.js
0
2530
https://collector.brandmetrics.com/c.js?siteid=e96d04c8-3208-4488-a841-a06b49b8fb2d&toploc=www.theguardian.com&rnd=167635
0
188
https://aud.pubmatic.com/AdServer/Artemis?dpid=388&segid=23527
0
147
https://interactive.guim.co.uk/libs/iframe-messenger/iframeMessenger.js
120000
4578
https://cdn.permutive.com/d6691a17-6fdb-4d26-85d6-b3dd27f55f08-web.js
300000
112529
https://interactive.guim.co.uk/fonts/garnett/GHGuardianHeadline-Medium.woff2
360000
25935
https://interactive.guim.co.uk/fonts/garnett/GHGuardianHeadline-Regular.woff2
360000
25794
https://interactive.guim.co.uk/fonts/garnett/GHGuardianHeadline-Bold.woff2
360000
25667
https://c.amazon-adsystem.com/aax2/apstag.js
900000
30364
https://confiant-integrations.global.ssl.fastly.net/7oDgiTsq88US4rrBG0_Nxpafkrg/gpt_and_prebid/config.js
900000
21786
https://sourcepoint.theguardian.com/ccpa.js
3600000
19021
https://cdn.brandmetrics.com/scripts/bundle/680511.js
3600000
11692
https://cdn.brandmetrics.com/survey/script/e96d04c832084488a841a06b49b8fb2d.js
3600000
4137
https://www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js
7200000
19452
https://cdn.adsafeprotected.com/iasPET.1.js
604800000
6885
https://assets.guim.co.uk/polyfill.io/v3/polyfill.min.js?rum=0&features=es6,es7,es2017,default-3.6,HTMLPictureElement,IntersectionObserver,IntersectionObserverEntry,fetch&flags=gated&callback=guardianPolyfilled&unknown=polyfill&clearCache=5
604800000
1363
https://interactive.guim.co.uk/thrashers/newsletters-2020-election-nugget/hashed/empty.5ef2ef64.gif
2678400000
1987
https://interactive.guim.co.uk/thrashers/newsletters-2020-election-nugget/hashed/main.f09d7df5.js
2678400000
1907
Avoid an excessive DOM size — 2,867 elements
A large DOM (Document Object Model) will increase memory usage, cause longer system calculations as well as costly layout reflows.
Statistic Element Value
Total DOM Elements
2,867
Maximum DOM Depth
21
Maximum Child Elements
29
Reduce JavaScript execution time — 4.6 s
JavaScript (JS) execution time can be lowered by reducing the time required for parsing, compiling and executing JS. Delivering smaller JS payloads may help with this.
URL Total CPU Time (Ms) Script Evaluation (Ms) Script Parse (Ms)
https://www.theguardian.com/us
4625.336
310.48
43.872
https://assets.guim.co.uk/javascripts/a94bd1c6d83a61919d46/graun.standard.js
2212.22
764.06
16.716
Unattributable
1235.82
29.204
0.824
https://cdn.permutive.com/d6691a17-6fdb-4d26-85d6-b3dd27f55f08-web.js
808.22
722.316
31.164
https://assets.guim.co.uk/javascripts/6ce9271c64710b1edb49/graun.commercial~enhanced.js
555.556
530.468
7.216
https://interactive.guim.co.uk/thrashers/newsletters-2020-election-nugget/hashed/main.f09d7df5.js
466.156
17.928
1.996
https://securepubads.g.doubleclick.net/gpt/pubads_impl_2020111201.js
395.776
352.164
27.052
https://sourcepoint.theguardian.com/ccpa.js
327.74
309.952
3.632
https://assets.guim.co.uk/javascripts/357024dc6a1dd4240796/graun.facia.js
274.124
208.656
3.948
https://ccpa-notice.sp-prod.net/Notice.c21eb.js
272.052
218.756
11.696
https://www.theguardian.com/email/form/footer/today-us
232.536
77.364
11.096
https://www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js
215.344
199.652
6.556
https://assets.guim.co.uk/javascripts/8a6c81e93d961f78cf88/graun.vendors~Prebid.js.js
181.896
153.784
18.672
https://securepubads.g.doubleclick.net/tag/js/gpt.js
101.276
90.576
7.972
https://confiant-integrations.global.ssl.fastly.net/gpt/202011151531/wrap.js
93.976
66.112
16.448
https://c.amazon-adsystem.com/aax2/apstag.js
93.868
76.928
10.952
https://assets.guim.co.uk/javascripts/051723cd490480b13859/graun.commercial.js
76.628
60.912
10.268
https://ccpa-notice.sp-prod.net/?message_id=383916
75.14
13.392
8.712
https://confiant-integrations.global.ssl.fastly.net/7oDgiTsq88US4rrBG0_Nxpafkrg/gpt_and_prebid/config.js
63.764
35.896
23.724
https://cdn.brandmetrics.com/survey/script/e96d04c832084488a841a06b49b8fb2d.js
60.964
52.092
6.152
https://interactive.guim.co.uk/atoms/thrashers/2020/04/trusted-news-october/us-blue/v/1604578141169/app.js
56.808
49.868
5.944
Minimize main-thread work — 12.7 s
Main-thread work timing can be lowered by reducing the time required for parsing, compiling and executing JS. Delivering smaller JS payloads may help with this.
Category Time Spent (Ms)
Script Evaluation
4459.836
Style & Layout
3708.276
Other
2001.12
Rendering
1502.788
Parse HTML & CSS
553.704
Script Parsing & Compilation
349.28
Garbage Collection
133.432
Ensure text remains visible during webfont load
Make use of the font-display CSS feature, which will ensure text is user-visible while webfonts are loading.
URL Potential Savings (Ms)
https://interactive.guim.co.uk/fonts/garnett/GHGuardianHeadline-Bold.woff2
25.755000009667
https://interactive.guim.co.uk/fonts/garnett/GHGuardianHeadline-Medium.woff2
24.91600002395
https://interactive.guim.co.uk/fonts/garnett/GHGuardianHeadline-Regular.woff2
23.730000015348
Reduce the impact of third-party code — Third-party code blocked the main thread for 650 ms
It is advised to either limit, remove or delay the loading of redundant third-party code which may be significantly impacting load performance.
Third-Party Transfer Size (Bytes) Main-Thread Blocking Time (Ms)
116077
255.112
137597
238.656
24331
126.648
33658
15.868
100414
15.24
16017
0
13087
0
4437
0
3110
0
1429
0
1110
0
926
0
705
0
80

Accessibility

Indicates how accessible the page is and highlights opportunities where the page can be made more accessible to users of guardian.co.uk. This includes details about various page attributes that can be optimized.

Navigation

`[accesskey]` values are unique
Access keys assist users with focusing on different parts of the page. Each access key should be unique for proper navigation.
The page contains a heading, skip link, or landmark region
It is advised to provide ways to bypass repetitive content, allowing users to navigate the page efficiently.
`[id]` attributes on active, focusable elements are unique
Ensure all focusable elements have a unique id value to allow them to be visible to users of assistive technologies, like a screen reader.
Heading elements appear in a sequentially-descending order
Properly order all headers and do not skip heading levels to better the navigation and readability for users of assistive technologies, like a screen reader.
No element has a `[tabindex]` value greater than 0
Although technically valid, a tabindex value greater than 0 often creates frustrating experiences for users who rely on assistive technologies.

ARIA

`[aria-*]` attributes match their roles
Avoid mismatching 'aria-*' attributes and their 'role' value, as it invalidates the attribute.
`[aria-hidden="true"]` is not present on the document `<body>`
If aria-hidden=true is set on the document body, assistive technologies, like a screen reader will work inconsistently.
ARIA input fields have accessible names
Generic names are announced to users of assistive technologies, like a screen reader, when an input field does not have an accessible name specified.
`[role]`s have all required `[aria-*]` attributes
Some ARIA roles have required 'aria-*' attributes, which provide essential information about state and functionality.
Elements with an ARIA `[role]` that require children to contain a specific `[role]` have all required children.
Some ARIA parent roles cannot perform their intended functions if specific child roles are not used.
`[role]`s are contained by their required parent element
Some ARIA child roles cannot perform their intended functions if specific parent roles are not used.
`[role]` values are valid
All ARIA roles require valid values to perform their intended functions.
ARIA toggle fields have accessible names
Generic names are announced to users of assistive technologies, like a screen reader, when a toggle field does not have an accessible name specified.
`[aria-*]` attributes have valid values
ARIA attributes cannot be interpreted with invalid values when used by screen readers and other assistive technologies.
`[aria-*]` attributes are valid and not misspelled
ARIA attributes cannot be interpreted with invalid names when used by screen readers and other assistive technologies.
ARIA IDs are unique
Ensure all ARIA ID values are unique to prevent elements from being overlooked by assistive technologies, like a screen reader.

Tables and lists

`<dl>`'s contain only properly-ordered `<dt>` and `<dd>` groups, `<script>`, `<template>` or `<div>` elements.
Screen readers and other assistive technologies may produce poor and inaccurate output when definition lists are not properly marked up.
Definition list items are wrapped in `<dl>` elements
In order for screen readers and other assistive technologies to properly announce definition list items ('<dt>' and '<dd>'), they must be wrapped in parent a '<dl>' element.
Presentational `<table>` elements avoid using `<th>`, `<caption>` or the `[summary]` attribute.
It is advised to not include data elements in tables which are used for layout purposes, as it may create confusion for screen reader and other assistive technology users.
Lists contain only `<li>` elements and script supporting elements (`<script>` and `<template>`).
Use proper list structure to aid screen readers and other assistive technologies.
List items (`<li>`) are contained within `<ul>` or `<ol>` parent elements
In order for screen readers to announce list items, ensure that list items ('<li>') are contained within parent '<ul>' or '<ol>' tags.
Cells in a `<table>` element that use the `[headers]` attribute refer to table cells within the same table.
Screen readers and other assistive technologies have features to make navigating tables easier. Ensure that '<td>' cells using the headers attribute only refer to other cells in the same table, to improve screen reader user experience.
`<th>` elements and elements with `[role="columnheader"/"rowheader"]` have data cells they describe.
Screen readers and other assistive technologies have features to make navigating tables easier. Ensure that table headers refer to some set of cells, to improve screen reader user experience.

Names and labels

Document has a `<title>` element
Search engines, screen reader users and other assistive technology users rely on the title to provide an overview of the page and to help determine if the page is relevant to their search.
No form fields have multiple labels
Having multiple labels for form fields can be confusing to assistive technologies, like a screen reader.
`<input type="image">` elements have `[alt]` text
Input buttons with alternative text assist screen readers and other assistive technology users to understand its purpose.
Form elements have associated labels
Screen readers and other assistive technologies rely on labels to properly announce form controls.
`<object>` elements have `[alt]` text
It is advised that alt text is used on '<object>' elements in order to provide meaning to screen reader and other assistive technology users, as these technologies are unable to translate non-text content.

Internationalization and localization

`<html>` element has a `[lang]` attribute
It is advised to provide a lang attribute so that screen readers and other assistive technologies are guaranteed to announce the page's text correctly. When not provided, the user's default language setting will be used which may cause inaccuracies.
`<html>` element has a valid value for its `[lang]` attribute
Specify a valid BCP 47 language in order to help screen readers and other assistive technologies announce text properly.
`[lang]` attributes have a valid value
Specify a valid BCP 47 language on elements in order to help screen readers and other assistive technologies announce text properly.

Best practices

The document does not use `<meta http-equiv="refresh">`
Pages that refresh automatically cause a poor user experience as focus is directed back to the top of the page unexpectedly.
`[user-scalable="no"]` is not used in the `<meta name="viewport">` element and the `[maximum-scale]` attribute is not less than 5.
For users with low vision who rely on screen magnification, ensure that zooming is not disabled.

Audio and video

`<video>` elements contain a `<track>` element with `[kind="captions"]`
Guardian.co.uk may provide assistance to deaf or hearing-impaired users with captions on videos.
`<video>` elements contain a `<track>` element with `[kind="description"]`
Guardian.co.uk may provide relevant information that dialogue cannot, by using audio descriptions.

ARIA

`[aria-hidden="true"]` elements contain focusable descendents
Interactive elements within an aria-hidden=true element are unavailable to users of assistive technologies, like a screen reader.
Failing Elements

Names and labels

Buttons do not have an accessible name
Buttons become unusable as they are announced simply as "button" when the button does not have an accessible name, when used by screen readers and other assistive technologies.
Failing Elements
`<frame>` or `<iframe>` elements do not have a title
Screen reader users and other assistive technology users rely on frame titles to describe the contents of frames.
Failing Elements
Image elements do not have `[alt]` attributes
Provide short and descriptive alternative text where possible on informative elements.
Failing Elements
img
Links do not have a discernible name
In order to improve the navigation for screen reader and other assistive technology users, use link text that is unique, focusable and discernible.

Contrast

Manual Checks

The page has a logical tab order
The visual layout should be logical in its tab order and users cannot focus elements that are offscreen.
Interactive controls are keyboard focusable
Ensure that custom interactive controls are keyboard focusable and that a focus indicator is displayed.
Interactive elements indicate their purpose and state
Ensure that interactive elements (such as links and buttons) are distinguishable from non-interactive elements and that they indicate their state.
The user's focus is directed to new content added to the page
When new content (such as a dialogue) is added to the page, the user's focus should be directed to it.
User focus is not accidentally trapped in a region
Avoid focus being accidentally trapped when a user tabs in and out of controls or regions on page.
Custom controls have associated labels
Ensure that custom interactive controls have associated labels, which are provided by aria-label and aria-labelledby attributes.
Custom controls have ARIA roles
Ensure that all custom interactive controls have appropriate ARIA roles.
Visual order on the page follows DOM order
Ensure that the DOM order matches with the page's visual order, in order to improve navigation for screen readers and other assistive technologies.
Offscreen content is hidden from assistive technology
Ensure that offscreen content is hidden through the use of "display:none" styling or the aria-hidden attribute.
HTML5 landmark elements are used to improve navigation
Elements such as <main> and <nav> are recommended as they are used by screen readers and other assistive technologies to improve keyboard navigation.
86

Best Practices

Indicates the recommended, best practices currently in place on the page and highlights the best practices that guardian.co.uk should incorporate. This includes practices such as protecting pages with HTTPS.

Audits

Links to cross-origin destinations are safe
Improve performance and prevent security vulnerabilities by adding rel="noopener" and rel="noreferrer" to external links.
Avoids requesting the geolocation permission on page load
When requesting a user's location, provide context or consider tying the request to a user action to avoid confusion and mistrust from users.
Avoids requesting the notification permission on page load
When requesting permission to send notifications, provide context or consider tying the request to a user action to avoid confusion and mistrust from users.
Avoids front-end JavaScript libraries with known security vulnerabilities
Ensure that the use of third-party scripts is minimal and that only trusted third-party scripts are used as some may contain known security vulnerabilities which may be exploited by attackers.

Audits

Allows users to paste into password fields
Ensure that password inputs may be pasted into to aid in the user's ability to use password managers and improve security.
Displays images with correct aspect ratio
Ensure that image display dimensions match their natural aspect ratio.
Serves images with appropriate resolution
For maximum image clarity, ensure images have natural dimensions and are proportional to the display size and pixel ratio.
Fonts with `font-display: optional` are preloaded
It is recommended that optional fonts are preloaded.

Audits

Page has the HTML doctype
Ensure a doctype is specified to prevent the browser from switching to quirks-mode.
Properly defines charset
It is advised to declare a character encoding, optionally via a <meta> tag in the first 1024 bytes of the HTML or in the Content-Type HTTP response header.

Audits

Avoids `unload` event listeners
The 'unload' event does not fire reliably, causing issues with browser optimizations such as the Back-Forward Cache. It is recommended that 'pagehide' or 'visibilitychange' events are used instead.
Avoids Application Cache
Application cache is deprecated and is no longer recommended.
Detected JavaScript libraries
Below is a list of all front-end JavaScript libraries that were detected on the page.
Name Version
core-js
3.5.0: global, 3.5.0: global, 3.5.0: global, 2.6.10: global, 3.6.5: global, 3.6.4: pure
Avoids deprecated APIs
Avoid deprecated APIs which will eventually be removed the browser.
Page has valid source maps
Consider deploying source maps for added benefits such as the ability to debug while in production.
URL Map URL
https://ccpa-notice.sp-prod.net/polyfills.ede70.js
https://ccpa-notice.sp-prod.net/polyfills.ede70.js.map
https://c.amazon-adsystem.com/aax2/apstag.js
https://c.amazon-adsystem.com/aax2/apstag.js.map
https://ccpa-notice.sp-prod.net/Notice.c21eb.js
https://ccpa-notice.sp-prod.net/Notice.c21eb.js.map
https://assets.guim.co.uk/javascripts/ed8206d37cdb85dda484/graun.vendors~commercial~enhanced.js
https://assets.guim.co.uk/javascripts/ed8206d37cdb85dda484/graun.vendors~commercial~enhanced.js.map
https://assets.guim.co.uk/javascripts/e2ea85dc554092a9b1bd/graun.youtube.js
https://assets.guim.co.uk/javascripts/e2ea85dc554092a9b1bd/graun.youtube.js.map
https://assets.guim.co.uk/javascripts/a94bd1c6d83a61919d46/graun.standard.js
https://assets.guim.co.uk/javascripts/a94bd1c6d83a61919d46/graun.standard.js.map
https://assets.guim.co.uk/javascripts/8a6c81e93d961f78cf88/graun.vendors~Prebid.js.js
https://assets.guim.co.uk/javascripts/8a6c81e93d961f78cf88/graun.vendors~Prebid.js.js.map
https://assets.guim.co.uk/javascripts/893d9526fe0a6daf6b16/graun.enhanced.js
https://assets.guim.co.uk/javascripts/893d9526fe0a6daf6b16/graun.enhanced.js.map
https://assets.guim.co.uk/javascripts/6ce9271c64710b1edb49/graun.commercial~enhanced.js
https://assets.guim.co.uk/javascripts/6ce9271c64710b1edb49/graun.commercial~enhanced.js.map
https://assets.guim.co.uk/javascripts/5cfa6a6d0c7a21d8381d/graun.article~facia~trail~youtube.js
https://assets.guim.co.uk/javascripts/5cfa6a6d0c7a21d8381d/graun.article~facia~trail~youtube.js.map
https://assets.guim.co.uk/javascripts/5c01f66cc73883496a8f/graun.43.js
https://assets.guim.co.uk/javascripts/5c01f66cc73883496a8f/graun.43.js.map
https://assets.guim.co.uk/javascripts/577b2695d22ef12b645f/graun.vendors~enhanced.js
https://assets.guim.co.uk/javascripts/577b2695d22ef12b645f/graun.vendors~enhanced.js.map
https://assets.guim.co.uk/javascripts/357024dc6a1dd4240796/graun.facia.js
https://assets.guim.co.uk/javascripts/357024dc6a1dd4240796/graun.facia.js.map
https://assets.guim.co.uk/javascripts/051723cd490480b13859/graun.commercial.js
https://assets.guim.co.uk/javascripts/051723cd490480b13859/graun.commercial.js.map
https://assets.guim.co.uk/javascripts/04c65e90a9405261f3e2/graun.vendors~commercial~facia.js
https://assets.guim.co.uk/javascripts/04c65e90a9405261f3e2/graun.vendors~commercial~facia.js.map

Audits

Does not use HTTPS — 1 insecure request found
Ensure that all pages are protected with HTTPS (including those that do not handle sensitive data) as HTTPS prevents tampering and passive listening on communications between the app and its users. Additionally, HTTPS is a prerequisite for HTTP/2 and many new web platform APIs.
Insecure URL
http://guardian.co.uk/

Audits

Browser errors were logged to the console
Below is a list of all errors logged to the console, which indicate unresolved problems on the site.
URL Description
https://www.theguardian.com/us
Refused to execute script from 'https://www.facebook.com/tr?id=279880532344561&ev=PageView&noscript=1' because its MIME type ('image/gif') is not executable.
https://interactive.guim.co.uk/atoms/thrashers/2020/04/trusted-news-october/us-blue/v/1604578141169/app.js
TypeError: Cannot read property 'style' of null at Module.<anonymous> (https://interactive.guim.co.uk/atoms/thrashers/2020/04/trusted-news-october/us-blue/v/1604578141169/app.js:1:11877) at o (https://interactive.guim.co.uk/atoms/thrashers/2020/04/trusted-news-october/us-blue/v/1604578141169/app.js:1:110) at Object.<anonymous> (https://interactive.guim.co.uk/atoms/thrashers/2020/04/trusted-news-october/us-blue/v/1604578141169/app.js:1:11598) at o (https://interactive.guim.co.uk/atoms/thrashers/2020/04/trusted-news-october/us-blue/v/1604578141169/app.js:1:110) at https://interactive.guim.co.uk/atoms/thrashers/2020/04/trusted-news-october/us-blue/v/1604578141169/app.js:1:902 at https://interactive.guim.co.uk/atoms/thrashers/2020/04/trusted-news-october/us-blue/v/1604578141169/app.js:1:912
84

SEO

Indicates how well the page is optimized for ranking in search engines and highlights Search Engine Optimization (SEO) opportunities for guardian.co.uk. This includes optimizations such as providing meta data.

Mobile Friendly

Has a `<meta name="viewport">` tag with `width` or `initial-scale`
It is advised to use a '<meta name="viewport">' tag for the optimization of guardian.co.uk on mobile screens.
Document uses legible font sizes — 99.45% legible text
Font sizes of 12px or less are too small to most mobile users without user gestures and further action. Aim for more than 60% of page text to use font sizes greater than 12px.
Source Selector % of Page Text Font Size
.video-playlist__inner
0.39%
0px
.fc-podcast-container__subscribe
0.16%
11px
article .submeta__links, .submeta__links
0.00%
0px
99.45%
≥ 12px

Content Best Practices

Document has a `<title>` element
Search engines, screen reader users and other assistive technology users rely on the title to provide an overview of the page and to help determine if the page is relevant to their search.
Document has a meta description
Meta descriptions may be used by search engines when displaying a link to the page and should concisely summarize the page's content.
Links have descriptive text
Make use of descriptive link text to assist search engines in understanding the content.
Document has a valid `hreflang`
Search engines can be instructed to list specific versions of a page for a given language or region through the use of hreflang links.
Document has a valid `rel=canonical`
Search engines can be suggested which URL should be shown in search results through the use of canonical links.
Document avoids plugins
The content of plugins cannot be indexed by search engines and many devices either restrict or do not support them.

Crawling and Indexing

Page has successful HTTP status code
Avoid pages with unsuccessful HTTP status codes as they may not be indexed by search engines.
Page isn’t blocked from indexing
Pages that cannot be crawled by search engines cannot be indexed or included in their search results. Ensure that search engines have permission to crawl all pages that should be indexed.
robots.txt is valid
Malformed robots.txt files prevent crawlers from understanding how a site wants to be crawled or indexed, which can be devastating to SEO.

Mobile Friendly

Tap targets are not sized appropriately — 86% appropriately sized tap targets
Interactive elements (such as buttons and links) should be appropriately spaced, sized and easy enough to select or tap with regard to their surrounding elements.
Tap Target Size Overlapping Target
74x22
98x22
US
25x36
US
25x36
US
25x36
33x31
33x31
US
25x36
63x31
76x31
83x31
83x31
82x31
98x31
98x31
95x31
67x31
73x31
67x31
50x31
50x31
121x31
101x31
56x16

Crawling and Indexing

Links are not crawlable
Ensure that the 'href' attribute of anchor elements links to the appropriate destination. This allows for more pages of the site to be discovered by search engines.

Content Best Practices

Image elements do not have `[alt]` attributes
Provide short and descriptive alternative text where possible on informative elements.
Failing Elements
img

Manual Checks

Structured data is valid
Structured data can be validated through the use of the Structured Data Testing Tool and the Structured Data Linter.
29

Progressive Web App

Indicates how valid the aspects of a Progressive Web App (PWA) are for the page and highlights opportunities to enable/improve the PWA of guardian.co.uk. This includes details about web app manifests.

PWA Optimized

Redirects HTTP traffic to HTTPS
It is advised to redirect all HTTP traffic to HTTPS, in order to enable secure web features for all users.
Sets a theme color for the address bar.
A theme may be applied to the browser address bar, which ideally can be made to match the site.
View Data
Content is sized correctly for the viewport
Ensure that the width of the app's content matches the width of the viewport, otherwise the app might not be optimized for mobile screens.
Has a `<meta name="viewport">` tag with `width` or `initial-scale`
It is advised to use a '<meta name="viewport">' tag for the optimization of guardian.co.uk on mobile screens.
Contains some content when JavaScript is not available
Apps should display alternative content for when JavaScript is disabled.
Provides a valid `apple-touch-icon`
iOS users of Progressive Web Apps will benefit from an apple touch icon, which can be defined with 'apple-touch-icon', which must point to a non-transparent 192px (or 180px) square PNG.

Fast and reliable

Page load is not fast enough on mobile networks — Interactive at 16.8 s
Ensure that the page loads fast enough over a cellular network, to ensure good mobile user experience.
Current page does not respond with a 200 when offline
In order for Progressive Web Apps to be made available offline, ensure that the app is using a service worker.
`start_url` does not respond with a 200 when offline
Consider using a service worker for Progressive Web Apps to ensure greater reliability for the user, in the case of poor network conditions.

Installable

Does not use HTTPS — 1 insecure request found
Ensure that all pages are protected with HTTPS (including those that do not handle sensitive data) as HTTPS prevents tampering and passive listening on communications between the app and its users. Additionally, HTTPS is a prerequisite for HTTP/2 and many new web platform APIs.
Insecure URL
http://guardian.co.uk/
Does not register a service worker that controls page and `start_url`
A service worker is used to provide Progressive Web Apps the use of features such as working offline, the ability for the app to be added to the homescreen as well as push notifications.
Web app manifest does not meet the installability requirements
User engagement may be increased by leveraging the browsers ability to proactively prompt users to add the app to their homescreen.
View Data

PWA Optimized

Is not configured for a custom splash screen
Themed splash screens ensure a high-quality user experience at launch for app users.
View Data
Manifest doesn't have a maskable icon
Maskable icons are great to ensure that images fill the entire shape when installing the app on a device.

Manual Checks

Site works cross-browser
Ensure that the Progressive Web App works correctly across every major browser.
Page transitions don't feel like they block on the network
Users perceive apps with responsive, snappy transitions as higher peforming and ensures a great user experience, even on a slow network.
Each page has a URL
Ensure that all pages are deep linkable via URL. They should also be unique for the purpose of shareability on social media.
Hosting

Server Location

Server IP Address: 151.101.1.111
Continent: North America
Country: United States
United States Flag
Region:
City:
Longitude: -97.822
Latitude: 37.751
Currencies: USD
USN
USS
Languages: English

Web Hosting Provider

Name IP Address
FASTLY
Registration

Domain Registrant

Private Registration: No
Name:
Organization: Fastly, Inc.
Country: US
City:
State: New York
Post Code:
Email:
Phone:
Note: Registration information is derived from various sources and may be inaccurate.

Domain Registrar

Security

Visitor Safety

Mature Content: Not Likely
McAfee WebAdvisor Rating: Safe
WOT Rating: 4.7/5 (124 reviews)
WOT Trustworthiness: 94/100
WOT Child Safety: 94/100
Note: Safety information is not guaranteed.

SSL/TLS Certificate

Issued To: guardian.map.fastly.net
Issued By: GlobalSign CloudSSL CA - SHA256 - G3
Valid From: 26th October, 2020
Valid To: 16th April, 2021
Subject: CN = guardian.map.fastly.net
O = Fastly, Inc.
L = San Francisco
S = US
Hash: f9f73309
Issuer: CN = GlobalSign CloudSSL CA - SHA256 - G3
O = GlobalSign nv-sa
S = BE
Version: 2
Serial Number: 15457489051524368555788741609
Serial Number (Hex): 31F222A08AAB9AF2F4B82BE9
Valid From: 26th October, 2024
Valid To: 16th April, 2024
Signature Algorithm (Short Name): RSA-SHA256
Signature Algorithm (Long Name): sha256WithRSAEncryption
Authority Key Identifier: keyid:A9:2B:87:E1:CE:24:47:3B:1B:BF:CF:85:37:02:55:9D:0D:94:58:E6
Extended Key Usage: TLS Web Server Authentication, TLS Web Client Authentication
Certificate Policies: Policy: 1.3.6.1.4.1.4146.1.20
CPS: https://www.globalsign.com/repository/
Policy: 2.23.140.1.2.2

Authority Information Access: CA Issuers - URI:http://secure.globalsign.com/cacert/cloudsslsha2g3.crt
OCSP - URI:http://ocsp2.globalsign.com/cloudsslsha2g3

SCT List: Signed Certificate Timestamp:
Version : v1 (0x0)
Log ID : 5C:DC:43:92:FE:E6:AB:45:44:B1:5E:9A:D4:56:E6:10:
37:FB:D5:FA:47:DC:A1:73:94:B2:5E:E6:F6:C7:0E:CA
Timestamp : Oct 26 15:27:18.148 2020 GMT
Extensions: none
Signature : ecdsa-with-SHA256
30:46:02:21:00:8C:0B:8E:04:6A:AF:AC:4A:01:BC:09:
23:CA:14:C8:6C:91:F0:26:BD:06:D0:9C:96:0C:DB:19:
35:4B:C3:91:65:02:21:00:C6:A4:CB:36:21:17:D4:84:
22:13:77:B0:EB:75:C3:D0:7C:91:02:D8:26:2D:44:2F:
43:DA:D6:D7:D1:03:88:40
Signed Certificate Timestamp:
Version : v1 (0x0)
Log ID : 7D:3E:F2:F8:8F:FF:88:55:68:24:C2:C0:CA:9E:52:89:
79:2B:C5:0E:78:09:7F:2E:6A:97:68:99:7E:22:F0:D7
Timestamp : Oct 26 15:27:17.831 2020 GMT
Extensions: none
Signature : ecdsa-with-SHA256
30:46:02:21:00:C0:27:9D:EA:8F:F8:6C:08:8C:06:DA:
64:C0:11:15:93:28:00:31:4B:3E:2B:05:82:4F:CA:49:
2A:2F:C6:48:33:02:21:00:D2:92:C4:17:49:9A:3B:42:
07:95:81:98:AF:26:F8:62:83:D2:87:76:F3:A8:73:97:
A6:8A:6C:FC:59:FB:5B:F4
Key Usage: Digital Signature, Key Encipherment
Basic Constraints: CA:FALSE
Subject Alternative Name: DNS:*.advertising.theguardian.com
DNS:*.code.dev-guardianapis.com
DNS:*.code.dev-theguardian.com
DNS:*.dev-theguardian.com
DNS:*.editorial.theguardian.com
DNS:*.email.theguardian.com
DNS:*.guardian.co.uk
DNS:*.guardianapis.com
DNS:*.guim.co.uk
DNS:*.guimcode.co.uk
DNS:*.ophan.co.uk
DNS:*.qa.dev-guardianapis.com
DNS:*.service.theguardian.com
DNS:*.theguardian.co.uk
DNS:*.theguardian.com
DNS:*.theguardian.design
DNS:*.theguardian.tv
DNS:api.nextgen.guardianapps.co.uk
DNS:code.api.nextgen.guardianapps.co.uk
DNS:code.dev-guardianapis.com
DNS:dev-gutools.co.uk
DNS:dev-theguardian.com
DNS:gu.com
DNS:guardian.co.uk
DNS:guardianapis.com
DNS:guim.co.uk
DNS:guimcode.co.uk
DNS:gutools.co.uk
DNS:i.guimcode.co.uk
DNS:media.guim.co.uk
DNS:pasteup.guim.co.uk
DNS:qa.dev-guardianapis.com
DNS:subscribe.theguardian.com
DNS:theguardian.co.uk
DNS:theguardian.com
DNS:theguardian.design
DNS:theguardian.tv
DNS:www.gu.com
DNS:guardian.map.fastly.net
Technical

DNS Lookup

HTTP Response Headers

HTTP-Code:

Whois Lookup

Created:
Changed: 31st October, 2019
Expires: 16th June, 2022
Registrar: GoDaddy.com, LLC. [Tag = GODADDY]
URL: http://uk.godaddy.com
Relevant dates:
Status:
Nameservers: dns1.p02.nsone.net
dns2.p02.nsone.net
dns3.p02.nsone.net
dns4.p02.nsone.net
ns01.theguardiandns.com
ns02.theguardiandns.com
ns03.theguardiandns.com
ns04.theguardiandns.com
Full Whois:
Domain name:
guardian.co.uk

Data validation:
Nominet was able to match the registrant's name and address against a 3rd party data source on 30-Oct-2015

Registrar:
GoDaddy.com, LLC. [Tag = GODADDY]
URL: http://uk.godaddy.com

Relevant dates:
Registered on: before Aug-1996
Expiry date: 16-Jun-2022
Last updated: 31-Oct-2019

Registration status:
Registered until expiry date.

Name servers:
dns1.p02.nsone.net
dns2.p02.nsone.net
dns3.p02.nsone.net
dns4.p02.nsone.net
ns01.theguardiandns.com
ns02.theguardiandns.com
ns03.theguardiandns.com
ns04.theguardiandns.com

WHOIS lookup made at 18:21:07 17-Nov-2020

--
This WHOIS information is provided for free by Nominet UK the central registry
for .uk domain names. This information and the .uk WHOIS are:

Copyright Nominet UK 1996 - 2020.

You may not access the .uk WHOIS or use any data from it except as permitted
by the terms of use available in full at https://www.nominet.uk/whoisterms,
which includes restrictions on: (A) use of the data for advertising, or its
repackaging, recompilation, redistribution or reuse (B) obscuring, removing
or hiding any or all of this notice and (C) exceeding query rate or volume
limits. The data is provided on an 'as-is' basis and may lag behind the
register. Access may be withdrawn or restricted at any time.

Nameservers

Name IP Address
dns1.p02.nsone.net 198.51.44.2
dns2.p02.nsone.net 198.51.45.2
dns3.p02.nsone.net 198.51.44.66
dns4.p02.nsone.net 198.51.45.66
ns01.theguardiandns.com 45.54.51.1
ns02.theguardiandns.com 45.54.51.65
ns03.theguardiandns.com 45.54.51.129
ns04.theguardiandns.com 45.54.51.193
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Domain Subdomain
observer

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